ROCKS AND SOIL

Question 1

NATURE OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

Answer 1

CRYSTALLINE & NON FOSILIFEROUS

Question 2

NAME SOME IGNEOUS ROCKS

Answer 2

Granite, gabbro, basalt, Pregmatite, Breccia

Question 3

PLUTONIC ROCKS (MINERAL GRAIN SIZE)

Answer 3

mineral grains
formed in the rocks may be very large.

Question 4

EXAMPLE FOR PLUTONIC ROCK (INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS)

Answer 4

GRANITE

Question 5

LAVA/ VOLCANIC ROCK
(EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS)

Answer 5

small and smooth grains

Question 6

EXAMPLE FOR VOLCANIC ROCK

Answer 6

BASALT

Question 7

INTERMEDIATE ROCK (DYKE ROCKS/ HYPABYSSAL)

Answer 7

occupy an intermediate position between
the deep-seated plutonic bodies and the surface lava
flows.

Question 8

ACIDIC IGNEOUS ROCK

Answer 8

HIGH SILICA CONTENT (GRANITE)
SIAL

Question 9

BASIC IG ROCK

Answer 9

LOW SILICA (BASALT, GABBRO, DOLERITE)
MORE DENSER AD DARK IN COLOR
SIMA

Question 10

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Answer 10

LAYERS, HAVE FOSSILS, NON CRYSTALLINE

Question 11

MECHANICALLY FORMED SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Answer 11

sandstone, limestone,
conglomerate

Question 12

CHEMICALLY FORMED SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Answer 12

chert , potash , limestone

Question 13

ORGANICALLY FORMED SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Answer 13

lime stone , chalk, coal etc.

Question 14

ARENACEOUS MECHANICAL ROCK

Answer 14

BIG PARTICLES, HIGHLY POROUS EG: SANDSTONE

Question 15

AGRILLACIOUS MECHANICAL ROCK

Answer 15

FINE PARTICLES, MOSTLY IMPERMIABLE EG: SHALE, CLAY

Question 16

Organically Formed Sedimentary Rocks

Answer 16

LIME STONE, CHALK, DOLOMITE (CALCARIOUS) COAL (CARBONACEOUS)

Question 17

METAMORPHIC ROCK

Answer 17

• No fossils
• Crystalline in nature
• Seen in layers
• Foliation and lineation processes

Question 18

DYNAMIC METAMORPHISM

Answer 18

PRESSURE CHANGES( GRANITE –>GNEISS, SHALE –>SCHIST)

Question 19

THERMAL METAMORPHISM

Answer 19

1. Contact metamorphism (LAVA)
2. Regional metamorphism (PRESSURE, SHEER, TEMPERATURE –>PLATE BOUNDARIES)

Question 20

LIME STONE

Answer 20

MARBLE

Question 21

SANDSTONE

Answer 21

QUARTZITE

Question 22

CLAY

Answer 22

SLATE

Question 23

SLATE

Answer 23

SCHIST

Question 24

SHALE

Answer 24

SCHIST

Question 25

O HORIZON

Answer 25

dominated by organic material

Question 26

A HORIZON OR SURFACE SOIL

Answer 26

organic matter is mixed with mineral matter
MOST ORGANIC MATTER ACCUMULATION

Question 27

A HORIZON OR SURFACE SOIL

Answer 27

depleted of iron, clay, aluminum, organic
compounds, and other soluble constituents.

Question 28

E HORIZON

Answer 28

eluviated layer, present only in older, well-developed soils

Question 29

POSITION OF E HORIZON

Answer 29

between the A and B horizons

Question 30

B HORIZON OR SUBSOIL

Answer 30

ZONE OF ILLUVIATION (iron, clay, aluminum and organic compounds )

Question 31

COMPOSITION OF B HORIZON OR SUBSOIL

Answer 31

accumulates all the leached minerals from A
and E horizon.

Question 32

C HORIZON OR PARENT ROCK

Answer 32

Weathered parent material accumulates in
this layer

Question 33

R HORIZON OR BEDROCK

Answer 33

base of the soil profile. large masses of hard rock

Question 34

MOST AMOUNT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL MIX IS FOUND IN WHICH LAYER

Answer 34

A HORIZON

Question 35

subsurface layer reflecting chemical or physical
alteration of parent material

Answer 35

B HORIZON

Question 36

loamy soil

Answer 36

CONTAINS BOTH LARGE AND FINE PARTICLES EQUALLY