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S1 geography exam x > weather and climate x > Flashcards

weather and climate x Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the elements of the weather?

A

temperature, rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, visibility, sunshine, air pressure

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2
Q

what is the weather

A

the day to day conditions of the atmosphere

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3
Q

what is the measuring instrument for temperature

A

thermometer

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4
Q

what is the measuring instrument for rainfall

A

rain gauge

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5
Q

what is the measuring instrument for wind speed

A

anemometer

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6
Q

what is the measuring instrument for wind direction

A

wind vane

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7
Q

what is the measuring instrument for cloud cover and visibility

A

observation

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8
Q

what is the measuring instrument for sunshine

A

sunshine recorder

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9
Q

what is the measuring instrument for air pressure

A

barometer

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10
Q

what is the unit of measurement for temperature

A

degrees celsius

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11
Q

what is the unit of measurement for rainfall

A

millimetres

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12
Q

what is the unit of measurement for wind speed

A

kmph/ knots

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13
Q

what is the unit of measurement for wind direction

A

N/S/E/W

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14
Q

what is the unit of measurement for cloud cover

A

OCTAS

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15
Q

what is the unit of measurement for visibility

A

metres / kilometres

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16
Q

what is the unit of measurement for sunshine

A

hours

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17
Q

what is the unit of measurement for air pressure

A

millibars

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18
Q

what kind of weather is an airline pilot affected by

A

wind; dangerous landing if taking off

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19
Q

what kind of weather is a pilot affected by

A

fog; hard to see the runway

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20
Q

what kind of weather is a pilot affected

A

snow and ice; the runway could be affected

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21
Q

what type of weather is a farmer affected by

A

rainfall; need rain for crops to grow and animals to drink

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22
Q

what kind of weather is a farmer affected by

A

snow and frost; dangerous for animals or could damage the crops

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23
Q

what is microclimate

A

the idea that weather conditions can be very different in one small place due to the physical conditions which exist

24
Q

why would cities be warmer

A

heat from buildings and car engines

25
Q

why would cities be warmer

A

buildings provide shelter from the wind

26
Q

why would the rural areas may be cooler

A

no heat from buildings or cars

27
Q

why would the rural areas may be cooler

A

plants soak up moisture so cool it down

28
Q

why would the rural areas may be cooler

A

large bodies of water can cool it down

29
Q

what is air pressure

A

describing the weight of the air

30
Q

what is high pressure

A

heavy sinking air

31
Q

what kind of weather does high pressure bring

A

clear, sunny, calm, settled weather

32
Q

what are the seasons like with high pressure

A

hot in summer but cold and frosty in wintwrv

33
Q

what are areas of high pressure called and what way do they move

A

anti-cyclones and they move clockwise

34
Q

what is low pressure

A

lighter rising air

35
Q

what kind of weather does low pressure bring

A

cloudy, windy, unsettled weather

36
Q

what is the weather like with low pressure

A

cool in summer, mild in winter

37
Q

what are areas of low pressure called and what way do they move

A

they are called depressions and anti-clockwise

38
Q

what is climate

A

describing the average weather which an area experiences for around 30 years

39
Q

what is Britain’s climate like

A

temperate: not too hot or cold with reliable rainfall through the year

40
Q

are there differences in climate in different parts of britain

A

yes

41
Q

what is the weather like in the north wet highlands of scotland

A

cool and wet

42
Q

why would the north west highlands be cooler

A

latitude: further north from the equator

43
Q

why would the north west highlands be cooler

A

nearer the atlantic and the westerly winds blow in air that is moist which means cloud and rain

44
Q

why would the north west highlands be cooler

A

relief: tall mountains mean colder temperatures and more rainfall

45
Q

what us the weather like in the south east of britain

A

warmer, drier weather

46
Q

why is it warmer in the south west

A

latitude: nearer the equator by 500 miles

47
Q

why is it warmer in the south west

A

further from the atlantic so less winds

48
Q

why is it warmer in the south west

A

flatter land, warmer temperatures and less rainfall in the mountains

49
Q

what is a river like?

A

A big drain

50
Q

What happens to the rain which falls on the land?

A

drains into a nearby river, and is carried to the Sea by the river

51
Q

what will happen to a river if it fills up too quickly with heavy rain

A

It will flood

52
Q

what makes flooding more likely

A

heavy and prolonged rainfall

53
Q

what makes flooding more likely

A

land around the river has few trees to soak up the rain.

54
Q

what makes flooding more likely

A

if the land is already wet. it can’t soak up any more rain

55
Q

what makes flooding more likely

A

If the weather is full of sand or rubbish, and there is a blockage made

S1 geography exam x (3 decks)

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