Weather and Climate

Question 1

Define weather

Answer 1

The day to day condition of the atmosphere. Weather conditions can change quickly.

Question 2

Define climate

Answer 2

The average weather in a place over many years. Climate takes hundreds, thousands, even millions of years to change.

Question 3

How do we measure the direction of wind?

Answer 3

With a weather vane.

Units: Compass point (N/E/S/W)

Question 4

How do we measure precipitation?

Answer 4

With a rain gauge.

Units: Millilitres (ml)

Question 5

How do we measure air pressure?

Answer 5

With a barometer

units: millibars (mb)

Question 6

How do we measure wind speed?

Answer 6

With an Anemometer

units: Mph or Km/h

Question 7

How do we measure visibility?

Answer 7

With a visibility meter

Units: meters

Question 8

How do we measure cloud cover?

Answer 8

With our eyes.

Units: Oktas

Question 9

Describe convectional rainfall

Answer 9

Air rises dues to the sun heating the ground. The air cools and condenses to form a cloud. The current the air travels in is called a convection current. Once the cloud has absorbed enough water it falls as rain.

Question 10

Describe relief rainfall

Answer 10

Warm moist air arrives to the UK from the Atlantic Ocean. When the air reaches a mountain or a hill it is forced to rise. The air condenses at the top of the cold mountain and forms a cloud. This causes the windward side to rain and the leeward side to stay dry.

Question 11

Describe frontal rainfall

Answer 11

The warm air mass collides with a cool air mass. This causes the warm air mass to be driven up. It becomes less dense. The air mass cools and condenses to form a cloud where it soon becomes too heavy and saturated so it starts to rain.

Question 12

Describe 5 impacts of climate change.

Answer 12

POSITIVE IMPACTS:
- More money for tourism:
NEGATIVE IMPACTS:
-Increased rain (heavier rain, more storms, more floods)
-warmer and drier summers ( More drought, water shortages, sunstroke/ sunburn- especially dangerous for the elderly)
-Damage to ecosystems (new species can live in the UK which might take over other species that already live there.
-Damage to crops (food shortages= food prices increase)

Question 13

What is an air mass?

Answer 13

A big chunk of air.

Question 14

Polar maritime is…

Answer 14

cold and wet

Question 15

Arctic maritime is…

Answer 15

freezing cold and wet

Question 16

Polar continental is…

Answer 16

cold and dry

Question 17

Tropical continental is…

Answer 17

warm and dry

Question 18

Tropical maritime is…

Answer 18

warm and wet

Question 19

In what direction does a polar maritime air mass come to the UK from?

Answer 19

North west

Question 20

In what direction does an arctic maritime air mass come to the UK from?

Answer 20

North

Question 21

In what direction does a polar continental air mass come to the UK from?

Answer 21

East

Question 22

In what direction does a tropical continental air mass come to the UK from?

Answer 22

South East

Question 23

In what direction does a tropical maritime air mass come to the UK from?

Answer 23

South West

Question 24

What is evaporation?

Answer 24

When a liquid turns into a gas

Question 25

What is condensation?

Answer 25

When a gas turns into a liquid.

Question 26

What is precipitation?

Answer 26

When a cloud becomes too dense and water falls back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow.