Weather And Climate

Question 1

Climate

Answer 1

The average weather conditions over a long period of time (20-30yrs). The climate is what we expect the weather to be like at a certain time based on the many years of observation

Question 2

U.K. Climate type

Answer 2

Temperate maritime

T- moderate not the coldness of poles or heat of tropics

M- strongly influenced by the sea

Question 3

Weather

Answer 3

The short term changes in the atmospheric conditions (precipitation, temp, wind)

Question 4

U.K. Temp

Answer 4

Coldest in N England and Scotland
Warmest in S (w in winter and e in summer)
Coastal areas slightly warmer, hilly regions slightly colder

Question 5

U.K. Precipitation

Answer 5

Driest in east
Wetter in west
Upland areas have more precipitation

Question 6

U.K. Sunshine hrs

Answer 6

Sunniest in south and SE

Least sunny in north

Question 7

Climate graph rules

Answer 7

Pattern of rainfall
Pattern of temp
Relationship
Anomalies

Question 8

Temp climate graph

Answer 8

Overall shape
Highest temp (value and month)
Lowest temp (v and month)
Range

Question 9

Rainfall climate graph

Answer 9

Seasonal differences
Highest rainfall (v and month)
Lowest rainfall (v and month)
Range 
Total precipitation per year

Question 10

Latitude uk (T)

Answer 10

Due to curvature of earth, sun’s rays at an oblique angle to the earth
Suns rats travelled through more atmosphere
Isolation spreads over a larger area
There fore less intense

Question 11

Air pressure uk (R)

Answer 11

At equator air is warmed by high rate of solar insolation, density reduced so it rises
At about 30c it begins to sink and cool as density increases
At the same time, at the N pole air us sinking due to low pressures and it moves south until meeting warm air (60c) here warm air forced to rise creating low pressure
U.K. Is located here- frequent rainfall

Question 12

Prevailing winds uk (T, R)

Answer 12

From south west

Wet from Atlantic
Mild due to warm ocean current

Question 13

Distance from sea (T)

Answer 13

Continental effect

• large distance from sea
• land is poor insulator as it heats and cools quickly
• winters is cold, summer is hot

Maritime effect

• close to sea
• sea takes long time to heat and cool
• mild winters and cooler summers

Question 14

Prevailing winds def

Answer 14

Wind from most frequent wind direction a location experiences

Question 15

Altitude uk (T, R)

Answer 15

Temp decreases by 1 degree for every 100m
Because air density is reduced

Upland areas get more rain (relief rainfall) as air is forced to rise above them

Question 16

Ocean currents uk (T)

Answer 16

North Atlantic drift warm body of water that moves towards the uk
Warms the climate especially in winter

Question 17

Urban heat inland uk (T)

Answer 17

Significantly warmer than surroundings
Man made surfaces tend to absorb more heat
Waste heat from traffic, air con and industrial processes

Question 18

Conventional showers uk (R)

Answer 18

Heat causes evaporation of water
That rises in strong upward conventional currents
Cools and condenses forming clouds

Question 19

Frontal rainfall

Answer 19

Meeting of warm air mass and cold air mass
Front
Occurs in depressions
Warm moist air forced to rise over cool air

Question 20

Conventional rainfall

Answer 20

Sun heats ground
Ground heats air
Air warms and gets lighter 
Water on ground evaporates
Warm moist air forced to rise
Condenses 
Clouds
Rain

Question 21

Relief rainfall

Answer 21

Warm moist air approaches brought by prevailing winds
Air reaches land and forced to rise over mountains
Rising air cools to dew point
Condenses
Heavy rain
Air passes over mountain and sinks 
Temp rises and clouds disperse
Rain shadow effect