Weather And Climate

Question 0

What surface wind speeds translate to which hub height 100 m wind speeds approx?

Using scaling by power law and exponent value 0.14 (represents a neutral atmosphere for a small surface roughness (0.01-0.1 m)

Answer 0

3->4 cut-in
8->11
11-12 -> 16 full capacity
19->26 cut-out

Question 1

One way that NAO index is defined?

Answer 1

Normalized (?) difference between sea level pressure observations between Gibraltar and Reykjavik…. Has record back to 1820s (longest)
Monthly indices

Question 2

What is a Weather regime?

Answer 2

A large scale pattern of weather lasting several days….and it has local down scaled weather in it

Question 3

What is Grosswetterlagen (GWL)?

Answer 3

It is a table of 29 weather regimes

Question 4

What is atmospheric circulation-typing?

Answer 4

Eg Grosswetterlagen is one such scheme … A classification of different weather regimes (regimes -large scale patterns of weather lasting several days)

Question 5

How many km is 0.5 degrees?

Answer 5

Earth circumference divided by 360…gives about 111 km for one degree at equator and 0.5 maybe 50 km in UK

Question 6

Orography

Answer 6

Orografi. Läran om formerna samt fördelningen av hög- och lågland, berg, dalar o slätter.