Weather and Climate Flashcards
What is Weather?
The conditions of the atmosphere, such as temperature & presence of Rain & Clouds. Weather changes DAILY.
What is Climate?
The average weather condition over a long period of time. E.g. 25-35 years.
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Rain-fall
Rain Gauge
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Temperature
Thermometer/Thermistor
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Sunshine
Sunshine Recorder
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Humidity
Hygrometer
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Air Pressure
Barometer
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Wind Speed
Anemometer
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Wind Direction
Wind Vane
What instrument is used to measure the weather element: Cloud Cover
EEEYYYEEES
YOUR EYES
YOU NEED TO USE YOUR EYES
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Rain Gauge
Measures amount of precipitation in 24H
Rainfall is measured in milli metres (mm)
It placed ⅓ into the ground and away from any buildings/plants
It’s a collecting bottle in a metal cylinder with a funnel at the top to collect water.
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Thermometer
It measure the maximum and minimum air temperature
It uses Degrees Celsius (C °)/Fahrenheit(F°)
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Sunshine Recorder
It measures the amount of sunlight across 24h
Sunlight goes into a glass sphere which then burns a mark on the removable card marked with lines with hourly intervals
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Barometer
It measure the weight of the air
When there is an increase in air pressure the dial spins clock wise
When there is a decrease in air pressure the dial spins anti-clock wise
It’s measured in milli bars (mb)
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Anemometer
The wind pushes the cups causing them to spin
The faster the wind the faster they spin
It’s put in high places so that nothing obstructs the flow of wind
It’s measured in knots or kph/mph
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Wind Vane
The wind hits the large back side of the vane causing it to spin and point at the direction the the wind is blowing from.
It uses the compass points (North, East etc)
It’s placed in high areas so the the wind flow doesn’t get obstructed
Further Explain equipment to measure weather: Your Eyes (cloud cover)
It’s measured in oktas
The sky is divided into eights and then judged by how much of the sky is covered up
How is relief rainfall made?
Warm air is picked up and as it rises up above mountains it condensates. Then it Rains.
What is frontal Rain?
It’s when a warm air mass meets a cold air mass. The hot air rises above the cold air since it’s lighter then it condensate, turns into a cloud then the air can’t hold onto the water anymore and it starts raining.
What is conventional Rainfall?
The sun heats up the ground then any moisture evaporates into water vapor and rises. Once it’s high up it gets colder and condensates. Then it rains
What happens during a depressing (low pressure)?
Low Pressure brings clouds, rain & strong winds. It also brings many clouds.
Describe weather with high pressure during the winter
The temperature falls below freezing temperatures and brings ice/frost. There can also be mist and fog.
What happens with high pressure during the summer?
We get very warm temperatures. Cold nights. Temperature reaches over 20°C
How many people died during hurricane Katrina?
1,836 lost their Lives
Name some of the damage caused by hurricane Katrina
300,000 homes got destroyed.
18 schools got destroyed and 74 were damaged
$108B of Damage caused
There was 250mm of rain in 24H
Even after 6 months the city still didn’t have a sewage system, gas & electricity
100,000 temporary houses had to be built
Name some impacts of Hurricane Katrina
All drinkable water has been polluted with sewage
500,000 people became homeless
230,000 people lost there jobs
3M people without electricity
8% of the people who got evacuated never returned
When did hurricane Katrina happen?
29th August 2005
What category was hurricane Katrina?
Category 5
What is kept in a Stevenson Screen?
Thermometer
Why is the Stevenson Screen white?
So that it repels the the heat so that the thermometer can get a more accurate reading
Why is the thermometer kept in a Stevenson Screen?
To keep it in the shade and to protect is from rain, snow & high winds
Why is the Stevenson Screen raised 1.25m of the ground?
So that the thermometer can measure the air heat not the ground heat.
What is another name for high pressure?
Anti Cyclone
Describe Depresions
Low Pressure Air Rising Strong Winds Thunderstorms Snow in Winter Clouds & Rain
Describe Anti-Cyclones
High Pressure Air Sinking Clear Skies Sunshine Cold at Night Frost at Night
