WEAKNESSSES Flashcards
What is a useful mnemonic for MITOSIS
I pay Major Amounts To Charity
What is interphase?
The cell grows, and dna duplicates
What is prophase?
Copies condense to become more visible. (shorter and fatter). Nucleus membrane disappears
What is metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
What is Anaphase?
Spindle fibres pull chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell.
What is Telophase?
New membranes form around chromosomes at each end of the cell.
What is cytokinesis?
Happens after mitosis. The cell membrane of the parent cell pinches and the cell splits into two genetically identical daughter cells.
What happens to plant cells in order for the plant to grow?
Elongation.
What are some specialised plant cells?
Guard Cells - Control exchange of gases
Palisade Cells - Contain lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Why do cells need to differentiate in plants?
Mitosis only occurs in plant meristems. Plant cells need to differentiate so they can become specialised and perform different functions throughout the cell.
Why do cells need to differentiate in plants?
Mitosis only occurs in plant meristems. Plant cells need to differentiate so they can become specialised and perform different functions throughout the cell.
How does genetic engineering happen
The desired gene is isolated using Restriction enzymes. This leaves it with complementary ‘sticky ends’ of bases. A plasmid or part of dna is extracted from the bacteria using restriction enzymes. Ligase is used to ‘glue’ the sticky ends together and then the plasmid is inserted back into the bacteria.
