WD6 Social Development Flashcards
What are the advantages and disadvantages of remittance payments to an immigrant’s country of origin?
Advantages: More money in the local economy in immigrants home country.
This money can be invested to start new businesses
Can help to lift people above poverty line
Disadvantages: Can lead to price inflation as some people can afford to pay more for goods. Those people not receiving any remittances may be worse off
Why is it important that women are educated?
- To pass knowledge onto children
- Better understanding of health issues - so children less likely to die of preventable causes
- More likely to enter the ‘caring professions’ (e.g. nursing and teaching) so educated women can help improve health and education
Name an NGO that helped to educate women on their rights in Bangladesh
The Hunger Project.
- Taught women of rights (including sexual rights)
- Taught vulnerable women skills to enable them to be independent
- Show films to inform women across rural Bangladesh
What are Malthus’s negative and positive checks?
Negative checks: Delayed marriage Abstinence from sex
Positive checks: Famine, war, disease
What do we mean by ‘brain drain’ when discussing impacts of migration?
- The more educated are more likely to move.
- This is particularly the case with rural to urban migration in LICs
- Lee’s model on migration helps to explain it as he stated to migrate you need to go through various obstacles. The more skilled and innovative people in rural areas are likely to be able to overcome the hurdles
What campaign did they introduce in Uganda to attempt to control the spread of HIV/AIDS?
The ABC Campaign
- Abstinence from sex
- Be faithful - do not have several sexual partners
- Condoms - use them as a barrier method
What criticisms could you give of the Club of Rome?
- Their predictions were wrong. We should have run out of 17 resources by now if they had been correct (e.g. copper)
- Humans have been inventive and have come up with alternative resources so avoiding the disastourous predictions of the Club of Rome
- Link to Boserup’s theory
Describe, using a coercive case-study, how one country attempted to control its population. Describe whether this has been a success or not
China - one child policy.
Success?
It is believed that the policy stemmed population growth by around 400 million between 1979 and 2011??? and
Failure?
Emperor culture - many children are only child and also only grandchild. They do not learn how to play and interact with others
Gendercide - many parents deciding to abort girl babies after scan during pregnancy. Has led to a gender inbalance in the population
Ageing population - more children needed to support them
Government have kow made it a two child policy
What did Sen say about the issue of population growth?
He argues that Malthusian ideas are leading to alarmism and made forceful measures of coercion more acceptable
He compares different countries and argues that ‘Collaboration’ is as successful as ‘Coercion’ and does not impede human rights
He argued that ‘Development is the most reliable contraceptive’
How would the aid provided by Islamic Aid differ from that given by a ‘mainstream’ NGO such as Oxfam
- Women believe that Islamic NGO’s are less threatening to their traditional culture and ‘norms’
- Offer interest free microcredit in line with Islamic law
- At meetings women are given religious guidance
- Recognition of importance of Islam in daily lives in rural areas including Purdah
- Islamic NGO’s recognise the importance for a Muslim mother to obey her husband and take care of her children
Why do development projects need to consider religion?
The fear factor following 9/11
Religion affects all aspects of people’s lives from their lifestyles to what they eat
To shift away from Western style models of development (neo-colonialism)
Important to recognise the existence of many ‘faith based’ NGO’s such as Christian Aid and Islamic Aid
How is Bhutan trying to develop economcially without losing its cultural identity?
The tourist board is pushing homestays – a Bhutanese version of bed and breakfast. Helps keep people in local area
Promise to keep at least 60% of its landmass as forest
Around two-thirds of the population still work in agriculture, the vast majority as subsistence farmers. The country – the world’s only nation aiming to be fully organic – plans to diversify production into hazelnuts, coffee and organic vegetables, and is launching the Green Bhutan Project giving rural people plots of land and greenhouses. Allows farmers to make a better living
Tourists can only visit Bhutan on an organised tour, which, alongside a daily visa fee to the government, can cost about $250 a day.
Encouraging people to wear traditional clothes
Migrants encouraged to go home to villages for national day
What are they doing in Uganda to try and reduce the issues of malaria?
Reisdual spraying of homes
Providing mosquito nets
Educating people about the disease and how to manage it
Name the seven topics within the WD6 module
Population
Education
Health
Migration
Culture
Religion
Gender
Describe how Mauritius can be used to support the ideas of Boserup
Its population in 1992 was of 1,094,000 people. For 2025, the estimated population was of 1,365,000. This would mean a growth rate of 1.45% with a doubling time of 47 years. Now slowed down ro 0.3%
Great pressure on the country for resources because of this increasing population.
The government intervened. It promoted family planningThe government intervened. It promoted family planning, restricted early marriage, provided improved health care and looked to improve the status of women.
The government also worked on diversifying agriculture, invested in industry and improved trading links
Reclaiming land through ‘derocking’
