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Pathology > WBC:RBC > Flashcards

WBC:RBC Flashcards

1
Q

Cells counted in a CBC

A

Leukocytes, Erythrocyctes, Thrombocytes

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2
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Total hemoglobin concentration in a given unit of blood

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3
Q

Hematocrit

A

% of columne of whole blood comprosed of RBCs

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4
Q

Mean corpuscular volume

A

Average volumn of RBCs, correlating with aerage RBC size.

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5
Q

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin

A

Weight of hemoglobin in the average RBC

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6
Q

Mean corpuscular cellular hemoglobin (MCHC)

A

concentration of hemoglobin in the average RBC

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7
Q

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW)

A

Variation in size of RBC

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8
Q

Mean-platelet volumne (MPV)

A

measurent of variation in size of platelets (age of platelets)

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9
Q

Leukocyte differential

A

Counts the different WBCs

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10
Q

Differential cell counts

A

relative numbers

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11
Q

Absolute cell counts

A

Multiply % on manual differential by total WBC count

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12
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Increased WBC

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13
Q

Neutrophilia

A

Increased neutrophils

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14
Q

Eosinophilia

A

Increased eosinophils

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15
Q

Basophilia

A

Increased basophils

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16
Q

Monocytosis

A

Increased monocytes

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17
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

Increased platelets

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18
Q

Polycythemia

A

Increased RBC

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19
Q

Neutropenia

A

Decreased neutrophils

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20
Q

Leukocytopenia

A

Decreased WBC

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21
Q

Lyphocytopenia

A

Decreased lymphocytes

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22
Q

Monocytopenia

A

Decreased monocytes

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23
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Decreased platelets

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24
Q

Anemia

A

Decreased RBCs

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25
Q

Microcytosis

A

Smaller than normal RBCs

26
Q

Macrocytosis

A

Larger than normal RBCs

27
Q

Anisocytosis

A

Variation in size of RBC

28
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

Variation in shape of RBC

29
Q

Anisopoikilocytosis

A

Variation in shape and size of RBCs

30
Q

Normocytic

A

Normal amount of hemoglobin, with normal staining on peripheral blood smear

31
Q

Hypochromic

A

Decreased hemoglobin, with pale staining RBCs

32
Q

Polychromasia

A

Increased immature RBC. Blue-gray cytoplasm due to residual RNA. Normal amount of hemoglobin

33
Q

Microcytic Hypochromic RBCs

A

Small and pale cells. Iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, sideroblastic anemia, lead/heavy metal poisoning, thalassemia

34
Q

Macrocytic RBC

A

Larger than normal. Well hemoglobinized. Young cells.abnormal maturaion states

35
Q

Spherocytes

A

Smaller in diameter than normal, more spherical, less loss of central pallor. Lose membrance during passage thru spleen. Destroyed prematurely in spleen.

36
Q

Elliptocytosis/Ovalocytosis

A

Oval/elliptical cells.

37
Q

Hereditary causes of Elliptocytosis

A

Cytoskeleton abnormalities due to defectins in proteins

38
Q

Acquired causes of Elliptocytosis

A

Iron deficiency, Thalassemias, Megaloblastic anemia, Myelofibrosis, Myelodysplastic syndromes

39
Q

Target cells

A

Large, floppy cells with redundant cytoplasmic membrane. Bell-shaped in bloodstream.

40
Q

Macrocytic Target cell causes

A

Liver disease, megaloblastic anemia

41
Q

Microcytic Target cell causes

A

Thalassemia, iron deficiency

42
Q

Normocytic Target cell causes

A

Sickling disorders, Hgb E

43
Q

Acanthocytes shape

A

Amoeboid cells with unevenly** distributed spicules over the RBC surface

44
Q

Inherited acanthocyte cause

A

Abetalipoproteinemia

45
Q

Acquired cause of acanthocyte

A

Liver disease, mylodysplastic syndromes, malnutrition

46
Q

Echinocytes shape

A

Cells with even distributed spicules over the entire RBC surface (short and blunt)

47
Q

Causes of echinocytes

A

Storage artifact, liver disease, renal failure, enzyme deficiencies

48
Q

Stromatocytes shape

A

“Mouth cells”. Central zone of pallor is narrow and linear (-_-)

49
Q

Cause of stromatocytes

A

Occasionally seen in healthy pts. Seens in EtOH excess/liver disease. Hydroxyurea therapy, myelodysplastic syndroms, inherited disorders

50
Q

Schistocytes

A

RBC fragment. Result of mechanical disruption of RBC in fibrin strands (DIC), platelet strands (TTP/HUS), toxins, burns, vasculitis, mechanical heart valves

51
Q

Hemoglobin C disease cause

A

Homozygosity for hemoglobin C varient of beta chain of hemoglobin.

52
Q

Morphology of hemoglobin C disease

A

Irregularly contracted cells, target cells, hemoglobin C crystals, spherocytes

53
Q

Bite Cell shape

A

aka Degmacyte. Appear to have a bite out of them. Seen on peripheral blood smears

54
Q

Formation of bite cells

A

After Heinz bodies are plucked out if the RBCs by reticuloendothelial cells of spleen

55
Q

Where are Heinz bodies seen?

A

Only on supravital stains. Not on Wright-stained peripheral blood smears

56
Q

What happens to pts with G6PD deficiency?

A

Nothings unless the pt is exposed to antioxidant stress

57
Q

What gene is G6PD on?

A

X chromosome

58
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

RBC inclusion. Small nuclear remnants. Typically single.

59
Q

Pappenheimer granules

A

Iron-containing mitochondrial remnants. Occur in small clusters near periphery of cell

60
Q

Basophilic stippling

A

Composed of RNA. Aggregates of ribosomes

61
Q

Cabot ring

A

Nuclear remnant vs. microtubules

Pathology (4 decks)

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