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HEMA LEC > WBC Non-Neoplastic Disorders > Flashcards

WBC Non-Neoplastic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Actual count of a specific type of
WBC

A

Absolute

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2
Q

Number of specific type of WBC in
relation to total WBC count

A

Relative

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3
Q

Increased cell count

A

-philia

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4
Q

Increased number of cells

A

-cytosis

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5
Q

Decreased number of cells

A

-penia

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5
Q

example of philia

A

Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia

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5
Q

Example of cytosis

A

Leukocytosis, Lymphocytosis,
Monocytosis

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5
Q

example of penia

A

Leukopenia, Neutropenia

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5
Q

Neutrophil absolute and relative count

A

Relative count: 50-70
Absolute count: 1.7-7.5

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6
Q

Eosinophil absolute and relative count

A

Relative count: 1-3
Absolute count: 0-0.3

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7
Q

Basophil absolute and relative count

A

absolute count - 0-2
relative count - 0-0.2

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8
Q

Lymphocyte absolute and relative count

A

absolute count - 18-42
relative count - 1.0-3.2

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9
Q

Monocyte absolute and relative count

A

absolute count - 2-11
relative count - 0.1-1.3

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10
Q

Classifications of WBC Disorders

A

DQQPLRN

Disorders of white cells
Quantitative
Qualitative
Proliferative disorder
leukopenia
Reactive
Neoplastic

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11
Q

Neutrophil high count indicates

A

BBS
Bacterial infection
burn
stress
Inflammation

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12
Q

Neutrophil low count indicates

A

RDVSE
Radiation exposure
Drug toxicity
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Systemic lupus
Erythematosus

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13
Q

Eosinophil high count indicates

A

APA

Allergic reactions
parasitic infections
autoimmune diseases

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14
Q

Eosinophil low count indicates

A

DSA
Drug toxicity
stress
acute allergic reactions

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15
Q

Basophil high count indicates

A

ALCH
allergic reactions
leukemias
cancer
hypothyroidism

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16
Q

Basophil low count indicates

A

POSH

Pregnancy
Ovulation
Stress
Hypothyroidism

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17
Q

Lymphocytes high count indicates

A

VSI

Viral infections
Some leukemias
infectious mononucleosis

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18
Q

Lymphocytes low count indicates

A

PHI

Prolonged illness
HIV infection
immunosuppression

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19
Q

Monocytes high count indicates

A

VTSO

viral or fungal infections
tuberculosis
some leukemias
other chronic diseases

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20
Q

Monocytes low count indicates

A

Bone marrow suppression treatment with cortisol

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21
Q

give me the 2 neutrophilia work up

A

CAEB

Complete history and physical examination
Assess CBC
ESR
Bone marrow examination

22
Q

leukemoid reaction consist of 4 process

A

reactive neutrophilia
persistence of neutrophilia
Increase neutrophil precursors in the circulation
WBC >50X109/L

23
Q

lap score in Leukemoid Reaction

A

↑ LAP Score

24
Q

lap score in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

A

↓ LAP Score

25
Q

differentiation in leukemoid reaction

A
  1. cytogenetic testing
  2. cytochemical testing
26
Q

In leukoerythroblastic reaction

A
  1. Space-occupying lesion in the BM
  2. Primary Myelofibrosis
27
Q

______________ is usually
related to infections

A

True neutrophilia

28
Q

Neutrophilia
➥ Leukocytosis of 15-30 x 109 /L
➥ >70% Neutrophils
➥ Adults >7.0 x 109 /L
➥ Children >8.5 x 10/9

A
29
Q

Causes of neutrophilia:

A

Causes: CIT
1. Catecholamines induced shift from migrating pool to circulating pool
2. Increase in bone marrow productions of neutrophil
3. Transfer from bone marrow storage pool to circulating pool

30
Q
A
31
Q
A
32
Q

➟ Occurrence of neutropenia starting
infancy with periodic alteration of
neutrophil count from normal to
neutropenic levels followed by a
recovery phase

A

Cyclic Neutropenia

33
Q

➟ reduced BM myeloid reserve pool
➟ reduced mitotic pool

A

chronic BeNign NeutroPEnia

34
Q

➟ Inability to release mature
granulocytes

A

CONGEnITaL Neutropenia (Myelokathexis
type)

35
Q

Maternal IgG crosses the placenta and binds to paternal human neutrophil antigens (HNA) on fetal leukocytes

A

Neonatal Alloimmune
Neutropenia

36
Q

IgG antibodies against one or more HNA
Self-limiting

A

✢Autoimmune Neutropenia

37
Q

What are the two types immune neutropenia

A

✢Neonatal Alloimmune
Neutropenia
✢Autoimmune Neutropenia

38
Q

Drugs as Cause of Neutropenia

A

CAAAP
1. Chemotherapeutic agents
2. Anti-inflammatory drugs
3. Anti-thyroid
4. Anti-bacterial
5. Phenothiazines

39
Q

neutropenia develops as an
idiosyncratic reaction

A

Anti-inflammatory drugs

40
Q

destruction of mature neutrophils

A

Anti-thyroid

41
Q

some causes aplasia in the bone
marrow (e.g. chloramphenicol)

A

Anti-bacterial

42
Q

direct toxic effects on granulocyte
precursors

A

Phenothiazines

43
Q

Large orange-red hexagonal or diamond-shaped cyrstals within the cytoplasm of eosinophils , tissues or body fluids infiltrated by eosinophils

A

Charcot-Leyden Crystals

44
Q

Eosinophilia

A

Parasitic infection
Allergic reaction

45
Q

➟Mutation in STAT3 gene
➟Abnormal chemotactic ability of
neutrophils

A

✢Hyperimmunoglobulin E
Syndrome (Job’s Syndrome)

46
Q

In eosinopenia glucocorticoids will increase if there will be ________

A

Stress

47
Q

Monocytes will increase if there will be

A

Inflammation
Infection
Hypersensitivity reactions
Immunologic conditions

48
Q

Usually associated with other lineage cytopenia
Steroid therapy
Certain viral infection (e.g. EBV)

A

MONOCYTOPENIA

49
Q

Constitute ______ of circulating WBCs in adults

A

LYMPHOCYTES
20-40%

50
Q

Usually accompanied with changes in morphology of lymphocytes

A

LYMPHOCYTOSIS

51
Q

➟Infection caused by Epstein-Barr Virus
➟Appearance of lymphocyte variant of T origin.

A

✢Infectious Mononucleosis

52
Q

➟Infection caused by Epstein-Barr Virus
➟Appearance of lymphocyte variant of T origin.
➟Associated with production of heterophile
antibody

A

✢Infectious Mononucleosis

53
Q

LYMPHOCYTOSIS
Children = __________
Adults = ____________

A

> 10.0 x 109 /L
5.0 x 109 /L

54
Q

➟Considered as one of the most important causes
of congenital viral infection in the US
➟Slight lymphocytosis, 20% variant lymphocytes
➟Cells with “Owl-eye” appearance

A

✢Cytomegalovirus

55
Q

➟Caused by Toxoplasma gondii
➟Disease may resemble infectious mononucleosis
➟Chills, fever, headache, lymphadenopathy
➟Presence of variant lymphocytes

A

✢Toxoplasmosis

56
Q

➟relatively fragile cells, and as a result can be squeezed out of
shape by surrounding cells, giving them a scalloped appearance
instead of a smooth cytoplasmic edge. The nucleus of the reactive
lymphocyte is larger than that of the small lymphocyte and is more
irregular in shape

A

✢Reactive Lymphocytosis

57
Q

➟Causative agent of whooping cough
➟Leukocytosis 100 x 109 /L
➟Lymphocytosis 50 x 109/L

A

✢Bordetella pertussis

58
Q
A

HEMA LEC (5 decks)

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