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Hematology > WBC Diseases > Flashcards

WBC Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Storage Diseases - Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
* Mutation:
* Deficiency:

A

Mutation: gp91phox/p47 gene coding for NADH Oxidase
Deficiency: NADH Oxidase (Bacterial Killing)

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2
Q

Storage Diseases - Gaucher Disease
* Mutation:
* Deficiency:
* Appearance:

A

Mutation: Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) 1 gene in chromosome 1q21
Deficiency: B-glucocerebrosidase
Appearance: Crumpled tissue paper/Onion Skin like
Triage: Hepatomegaly, Gaucher Cells in BM, Hyperphosphatemia

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3
Q

Storage Disease - Neimann -Pick Disease
* Mutation:
* Deficiency:
* Appearance:

A

Mutation: Spingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 gene (SMPD 1 gene)
Deficiency: Acid spingomyelin (ASM)
Characteristics: Foamy Cells

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4
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Hypersegmentation

A

> 5 lobes

Common: Megaloblastic anemia

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5
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Hyposegmentation - Pelger-Huet Anomaly (Heterozygous)

A

Bilobed “Pince-nez” appearance/Dumbell shaped

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6
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Hyposegmentation - Pelger-Huet Anomaly (Homozygous)

A

Round/Oval nuclei - No segmentation

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7
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Chediak Higashi Syndrome

A

Giant lysosomal Granules

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8
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

May Heglin Anomaly

A

Giant platelets with Dohle-like bodies

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9
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Alder Reily Anomaly

A

Large metachromaric Granules, resembles toxic granulation

Associated in Mucopolysaccharidosis - Hunter, Hurler’s, San filipo

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10
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Aur Rods

a.k.a Faggot cells

A

Fused primary granule

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11
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Dohle-bodies

A

Aggregates of free ribosomes of RER

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12
Q

WBC Anomly in Monocyte

Gaucher Disease

A

*Deficiency in B-galactocerebrosidase *causing Galactocerebroside accumulation in macrophage.

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13
Q

Most common Lipid Storage Disease

A

Gaucher Disease

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14
Q

WBC Anomaly in Monocyte

Crumpled Tissue paper/Onion like skin

A

Gaucher Disease

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15
Q

WBC Anomaly in Monocyte

Neimann’s Pick Syndrome

A

Deficiency in sphingomyelinase

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16
Q

Foam Cell

A

Niemann’s Pick Syndrome

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17
Q

Infectious Mononucleosis
* Cause:
* Target Cell:

a.k.a Kissing’s Disease

A

Infectious Mononucleosis
* Cause: Epstein-Barr Virus
* Target Cell: B cells

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18
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Most common Congenital infection

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19
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Hairy Cell

A

Lymphocyte with hair-like projections

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20
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Flame Cell

A

Plasma cell with Red-Pink cytoplasm

Seen in Multiple Myeloma

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21
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Grape cell

a.k.a Mott cell/Morula cell

A

Plasma cell with vacuoles

“Honeycombed appearance”

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22
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Sezary Cell

seen in Mycoses Fungoides

A

Round lymphocyte with nucleus that is grooved or convoluted (Cerebri form)

“Cerebri form” - Brainlike convolutions

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23
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Reider Cell

A

Lymphocytes with clover-leaf appearance

Seen in CLL

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24
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

LE cell

A

**Neutrophil **with ingested homogenous round body

Smooth and evely distributed

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25
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Tart cell

A

Monocyte with ingested lymphocyte

Rough and evenly distributed

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26
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Smudge/Basket cell

A

Degenerated nucleus of ruptured WBC
* Smudge cell - Lymph; Thumbprint appearance
* Basket cell - Gran; Net-like chromatin pattern

Increased in CLL

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27
Q

FAB Classification
* Based on:
* Diagnosis of AML:

A

FAB Classification
* Based on:
*Morphology
Cytochemical stain
* Diagnosis of AML: >30%

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28
Q

WHO Classification
* Based on:
* Diagnosis of AML:

A

WHO Classification
* Based on:
Morphology
Cytochemical stain
*Cytogenetics*
*Molecular abnormality
* Diagnosis of AML: >20%

29
Q

> 30 blasts

A

FAB Classifification

30
Q

> 20% blasts

A

WHO Classification

31
Q

Standard for Diagnosis of Lekemia

A

WHO Classification

32
Q

FAB Classification of ALL

Childhood ALL

A

FAB L1

Small, Homogenous Cell size

33
Q

FAB Classification of ALL

Adult ALL

A

FAB L2

**Large, Heterogenous ** Cell size

34
Q

FAB Classification of ALL

Burkitt’s type

A

FAB L3

Large, Homogenous Cell size

35
Q

FAB Classification of ALL

Most T-cell ALL

A

FAB L1

36
Q

FAB Classification of ALL

Most B-cell ALL

A

FAB** L3**

37
Q

FAB Classification - AML

M0

A

Acute UNDIFFERENTIATED Leukemia

38
Q

ALL

A

Most common Leukemia in Children

39
Q

AML

A

Most common Leukemia in Adult

40
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M1

A

Acute MYELOBLASTIC Leukemia without maturation

>90% of myeloblasts

41
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M2

A

Acute MYELOBLASTIC Leukemia with maturation

<90% of Myeloblasts, >10% of Myeloid cells

42
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M3

A

Acute PROMYELOCYTIC Leukemia

Seen in DIC and with mass of Auer Rods

43
Q

Acute Promyelocytic Anemia (APL)
* Abnormality:
* Associated disease:
* Anomaly:

A

Acute Promyelocytic Anemia (APL)
* Abnormality: t (15:17)
* Associated disease: DIC
* Anomaly: Auer Rods

44
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M4

A

Acute MYELOMONOCYTIC Leukemia

45
Q

Naegeli Syndrome

A

M4

46
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M5a

A

Acute MONOCYTIC Leukemia without maturation

>80% Monoblasts

47
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M5b

A

Acute MONOCYTIC Leukemia with maturation

>80% Monocytes

48
Q

FAB Classification of AML

Schilling’s Leukemia

A

M5a

49
Q

FAB Classification of ALL

M6

A

Acute ERYTHROBLASTIC Leukemia

a.k.a Erythremic Myelosis

50
Q

FAB Classification of AML

Di Guglielmo Syndrome

A

M6

PAS (+)

51
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M7

A

Acute MEGAKARYOCYTIC Leukemia

52
Q

FAB Classification of AML

M8

A

Acute BASOPHILIC Leukemia

53
Q

Myeloproliferative Disorders

“PEP-C”

A

Myeloproliferative Disorders
* P - PCV
* E - Essential thrombocythemia
* P - Primary Myelofibrosis/Myelofibrosis w/ Myeloid metaplasia
* C - Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

54
Q

Myeloproliferative Disorder

Chromic Myelogenous Leekemia (CML)

A

Presence of Philadelphia Chromosome due t(9:22) or BCR/ABL gene mutation

55
Q

Chronic Myeloproliferative Diroder that is only NEGATIVE FOR JAK2 V617F gene

A

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

56
Q

Leukemia that is also associated to Philadelphia chromosome

A

ALL

57
Q

> 1,000 x 10^9/L

A

Essential Thrombcythemia (ET)

58
Q

Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Polycythemia Vera

A

Characterized by panmyelosis (hypercellular BM) and low EPO

59
Q

Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Lab Findings - PCV
* BM:
* EPO:
* Positive:

A

Lab Findings - PCV
* BM: Panmyelosis
* EPO: Low EPO
* Positive: JAK2 V617F gene

60
Q

Myeloproliferative Disorder

Primary Myelofibrosis

a.k.a Myelofibrosis with Myeloid Metaplasia

A

Fibrosis & Granulocytic hyperplasia of BM

61
Q

Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

a.k.a Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

Small B-cell Neoplasm

62
Q

Popcorn Cell

A

Pathognomonic cell in Non-Hogkin’s Lymphoma

63
Q

Reed-Sternberg Cell

A

Pathognomonic cell in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

64
Q

Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Hairy Cell Leukemia

A

B-cell malignancy with hairy like projections

65
Q

Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Associated Disorder - Sezary Cells

A

Mycoses Fungoides

Malignancy of T-cells

66
Q

Flower Cell

A

Adult T-cell Leukemia

Caused by HTLV-1

67
Q

Gammopathy

Multiple Myeloma

A

Monoclonal gammopathy due to increased IgG

Presence of Bence Jonce Proteins

68
Q

Gammopathy

Waldemstrom’s Macroglobulinemia

A

Monoclonal gammopathy due to increased IgM

Hematology (6 decks)

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