WBC 2 Flashcards
what are the three changes in neutrophils with inflammation you will see on a leukogram?
- neutrophilia
- left shift (immature neutrphils circulating)
- toxic change
what would be some reasons for an extreme neutrohpilia?
- focal large suppurative lesions like peritonitis, pyothorax, pyometra, etc
- IMHA
- paraneoplastic neutrophilia (leukemia)
in cows, what is different about their neutrophil counts?
adult cows usually have low neutrophils with lymphocytes predominating. they have a little marrow reserve and low bone marrow responsiveness. neutropenia is not an indicator of a poor prognosis like it is in the dog.
what is the difference between a left shift and a degernative left shift?
left shift is when there are more band neutrophils seen in circulation, and a degernative left shift is when the number of bands exceeds the number of normal/segmented neutrophils
what is toxic change?
abnormalities seen in neutrphils that are being produced at a very fast rate
what are the 5 features of toxic change?
- cytoplasmic basophilia
- Dohle bodies
- Cytoplasmic vacuolation
- Nuclear Immaturity (less common)
- Toxic granularity (less common)
if the total solids:fibrinogen ratio is greater than 20, it is likely due to ______, and if it is lower than 15, it is likely due to _____
dehydration
inflammation
acute inflammatory leukograms:
- WBC
- segs
- bands
- lymph
- mono
- eosin
- increased WBC
- increased segs
- increased bands
- decreased lymphocytes
- increased monocytes within reference interval
- decreased eosinophils within reference interval
acute overhwelming inflammation leukograms:
- WBC
- segs
- bands
- lymphs
- mono
- eosino
- decreased WBCs
- decreased segs
- increased bands withinrefernece int
- decreased lymphocytes
- WRI monocytes
- decreaded WRI eosinophils
acute inflammatory leukogram:
- WBC
- segs
- bands
- lymphs
- mono
- eosino
- increased WBCs
- increased segs
- WRI increased bands
- WRI increased lymphs
- WRI increased mono
- WRI eosinophils
what are metamylocytes?
WBC precursors even further back then bands! means the bone marrow is really trying to keep up and is desparately trying to spit out more WBCs
