waves in air fluids and solids

Question 1

what are the 2 types of waves?

Answer 1

• transverse

- longtitudinal

Question 2

what is a transverse wave?

Answer 2

a wave which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

Question 3

what is a longitudinal wave?

Answer 3

a wave for which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 4

give 2 examples of transverse waves

Answer 4

• electromagentic waves

- seismic s-waves

Question 5

what are the 2 parts of a longitudinal wave called

Answer 5

compressions and rarefactions

Question 6

give 2 examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 6

• sound waves

- seismic p-waves

Question 7

what is a waves amplitude

Answer 7

the maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its undisturbed position

Question 8

what is a wave length?

Answer 8

• this distance from a point on a wave to the same position on the adjacent wave
• most commonly peak to peak or trough to trough

Question 9

what is the frequency of a wave?

Answer 9

the number of waves that pass a given point each second

Question 10

what is meant by a frequency of 200hz

Answer 10

200 waves pass a given point each second

Question 11

what is wave speed?

Answer 11

the speed at which the wave moves or at which energy is transferred through a medium.

Question 12

what does a wave transfer?

Answer 12

energy

Question 13

what word is used to describe when a wave bounces off a surface?

Answer 13

reflection

Question 14

how do sound waves travel through a solid?

Answer 14

the particles in the solid vibrate and transfer kinetic energy through the material

Question 15

what is the frequency range of human hearing?

Answer 15

20hz - 20Khz

Question 16

what are ultra sound waves?

Answer 16

waves which have a frequency higher than the upper limit of human hearing (20Khz)

Question 17

give an example use for ultra sound waves?

Answer 17

medical or industrial imaging

Question 18

what natural event causes seismic waves to be produced? what types are produced?

Answer 18

• earthquakes

- they produce both s-waves and p-waves

Question 19

state a difference between the mediums that p-waves and s-waves can travel through.

Answer 19

• p-waves travel through both solids and liquids

- s-waves only travel through solids

Question 20

what technique is used to detect objects in deep water and measure water depth?

Answer 20

• echo sounding
• high frequency sound waves are emmited, reflected and detected
• time difference between emision and detection, alongside wave speed, are used to calculate distance