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Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

a wave is a

A

transfer of energy

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2
Q

examples of waves

A

vibrations, sound, water, seismic

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3
Q

2 general catagories of waves

A

electrogmagnetic and mechanical

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4
Q

What are electromagnetic waves & exampls

A
  • waves that are produced by the back and forth motion of tiny particles - they travel through space requiring no material (medium). They can transmit energy through a vacum - ex. light, radio, x-rays, infrared
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5
Q

what are mechanical waves & ex

A
  • waves that deal w/ matter and mass - they travel through a medium ex. sound, water waves, jump rope waves
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6
Q

T/F they both require a medium in order to exist

A

T

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7
Q

What are 3 types of mechanical waves

A
  • transvere waves, longitudinal, surface
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8
Q

transverse waves

A
  • a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves
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9
Q

longitudinal waves

A

waves in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves (sound wave) - only longitudinal waves can travel through liquids

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10
Q

surface waves

A

a wave in which particles of the medium undergo a circular motion

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11
Q

medium

A

the matter that the wave moves through

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12
Q

crest

A

top part of the wave

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13
Q

trough

A

bottom part of the wave

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14
Q

amplitude (A)

A

magnitude of a wave

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15
Q

Wavelength

A

distance for one complete wave (m)

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16
Q

period (T)

A

time for one complete wave to pass a point

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17
Q

Frequency (f)

A

number of crests that pass a particular point per unit of time - measured in Hz

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18
Q

wave equation

A

speed = frequency X wavelength

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19
Q

As a wave travels through a medium what will often happen?

A

it will often reach the end of the medium and encounter an obstacle or perhaps another medium through whitch it could travel

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20
Q

when one medium ends and another begins; the interface of the two mediums are called

A

a boundry

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21
Q

the behaviour of a wave at that boundry is described as

A

boundry behaviour

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22
Q

what does not change as waves move from one medium into another

A

frequency

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23
Q

what are the 2 most common behaviours of the wave

A

reflection or refraction

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24
Q

when does reflection occur

A

when a wave hits another boundry and reflects back

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25
Q

when does refraction occour and what is it

A

refraction is the bending of a wave it occurs when the wave hits an object at an angle or enters a new medium it results from the change in a wave’s speed

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26
Q

SPEED OF A WAVE - depends on - speed of water waves depend on - speed of rope waves depend on - speed of sound in air depends on

A
  • properties of the medium - depth of water - force extered on the rope - temp (lower=denser=slower)
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27
Q

T/F waves can be at the same place at the same time

A

T

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28
Q

What is the superposition principle

A

when one or more waves occupy the same space at the same time, the displacements add at every point

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29
Q

what is the result of the superposition of two or more waves called

A

interferance

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30
Q

within an interferance pattern wave effects may be

A

increased, decreased, neutralized

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31
Q

Constructive interferance

A
  • occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of increased amplitude
32
Q

destructive interferance

A
  • occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of decreased amplitude
33
Q

how are standing waves formed

A

the waves that occour when two sets of waves of equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions - the waves are steadily in and out of phase with each other - occour when a wave reflects upon itself

34
Q

What are nodes

A

points of zero displacement (low energy)

35
Q

what are the points of maximium displacement (high energy)

36
Q

Dopler Effect

A
  • the shift in frequency due to motion of a vibrating source toward or away from a receiver - the pitch (frequency) of sound increases when a source moves towards you decreases when the source moves away -ex siren
37
Q

what is produced when a wave sources moves as fast as the waves it produces

A

a wave barrior

38
Q

an airplance travelling at the speed of sound creates a wall of compressed air called the..

A

sound barrior

39
Q

the cone shaped disturbance made by an object moving a supersonic speed through a fluid (air or water) is called a

A

shock wave

40
Q

an airplane that is travelling faster than the speed of sound creates a.. that you hear as a..

A

creates a shock wave hear as a sonic boom

41
Q

an observer on the ground hears a sonic boom when the an airplaine is travelling at ____ speed than the speed of sound

42
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

transfer of energy

A

a wave is a

43
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

vibrations, sound, water, seismic

A

examples of waves

44
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

electrogmagnetic and mechanical

A

2 general catagories of waves

45
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • waves that are produced by the back and forth motion of tiny particles - they travel through space requiring no material (medium). They can transmit energy through a vacum - ex. light, radio, x-rays, infrared
A

What are electromagnetic waves & exampls

46
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • waves that deal w/ matter and mass - they travel through a medium ex. sound, water waves, jump rope waves
A

what are mechanical waves & ex

47
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • transvere waves, longitudinal, surface
A

What are 3 types of mechanical waves

48
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves
A

transverse waves

49
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

waves in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves (sound wave) - only longitudinal waves can travel through liquids

A

longitudinal waves

50
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

a wave in which particles of the medium undergo a circular motion

A

surface waves

51
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

the matter that the wave moves through

52
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

top part of the wave

53
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

bottom part of the wave

54
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

magnitude of a wave

A

amplitude (A)

55
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

distance for one complete wave (m)

A

Wavelength

56
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

time for one complete wave to pass a point

A

period (T)

57
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

number of crests that pass a particular point per unit of time - measured in Hz

A

Frequency (f)

58
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

speed = frequency X wavelength

A

wave equation

59
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

it will often reach the end of the medium and encounter an obstacle or perhaps another medium through whitch it could travel

A

As a wave travels through a medium what will often happen?

60
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

a boundry

A

when one medium ends and another begins; the interface of the two mediums are called

61
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

boundry behaviour

A

the behaviour of a wave at that boundry is described as

62
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

frequency

A

what does not change as waves move from one medium into another

63
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

reflection or refraction

A

what are the 2 most common behaviours of the wave

64
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

when one or more waves occupy the same space at the same time, the displacements add at every point

A

What is the superposition principle

65
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

interferance

A

what is the result of the superposition of two or more waves called

66
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of increased amplitude
A

Constructive interferance

67
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of decreased amplitude
A

destructive interferance

68
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

the waves that occour when two sets of waves of equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions - the waves are steadily in and out of phase with each other - occour when a wave reflects upon itself

A

how are standing waves formed

69
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

points of zero displacement (low energy)

A

What are nodes

70
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

antinodes

A

what are the points of maximium displacement (high energy)

71
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

  • the shift in frequency due to motion of a vibrating source toward or away from a receiver - the pitch (frequency) of sound increases when a source moves towards you decreases when the source moves away -ex siren
A

Dopler Effect

72
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

a wave barrior

A

what is produced when a wave sources moves as fast as the waves it produces

73
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

sound barrior

A

an airplance travelling at the speed of sound creates a wall of compressed air called the..

74
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

shock wave

A

the cone shaped disturbance made by an object moving a supersonic speed through a fluid (air or water) is called a

75
Q

Reversed Waves Cards

creates a shock wave hear as a sonic boom

A

an airplane that is travelling faster than the speed of sound creates a.. that you hear as a..

Physics (9 decks)

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