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science 8 > waves > Flashcards

waves Flashcards

1
Q

wave

A

a repeating disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space

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2
Q

medium

A

the matter the waves travel through

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3
Q

transverse wave

A

where matter in the medium moves back and forth at right angles to the direction the wave travels

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4
Q

compressional wave

A

where matter in the medium moves back and forth along the same direction that the wave travels

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5
Q

sound waves

A

compressional waves

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6
Q

water waves

A

not purely transverse wave

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7
Q

seismic waves

A

a combination of compressional and transverse waves

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8
Q

crests

A

alternating high points

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9
Q

troughs

A

alternating low points

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10
Q

rarefaction

A

less dense region of a compressional wave

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11
Q

wavelength

A

the distance between one point on a wave and the nearest point just like it

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12
Q

frequency

A

the number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point each second

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13
Q

amplitude

A

related to the energy carried by a wave

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14
Q

refraction

A

bending of a wave caused by a change in its speed as it moves from one medium to another

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15
Q

diffraction

A

it occurs when an object causes a wave to change direction and bend around it

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16
Q

interference

A

when two or more waves overlap and combine to form a new wave

17
Q

standing wave

A

wave pattern that forms when waves equal in wavelength and amplitude, but travel in different directions, continuously interfere with each other

18
Q

resonance

A

an object is made to vibrate by absorbing energy at its natural frequencies

19
Q

eardrum

A

a tough membrane about .1 mm thick

20
Q

cochlea

A

a spiral shaped structure that is filled with liquid

21
Q

intensity

A

the amount of energy that flows through a certain area in a specific amount of time

22
Q

loudness

A

human perception of sound intensity

23
Q

decibel

A

unit for sound intensity

24
Q

pitch

A

how high and low sound seems to be

25
Q

ultrasonic

A

sound frequencies over 20,000 Hz

26
Q

Doppler effect

A

change in pitch or wave frequency due to a moving wave source

27
Q

music

A

made of sounds that are deliberately used in a regular pattern

28
Q

sound quality

A

the differences among sounds of the same pitch and loudness

29
Q

overtone

A

vibration whose frequency is a multiple of the fundamental frequency

30
Q

resonator

A

hollow chamber filled with air that amplifies sound when the air inside of it vibrates

31
Q

acoustics

A

study of sound

32
Q

echolocation

A

process of locating objects by emitting sounds and interpreting the sound waves that are reflected back

33
Q

sonar

A

a system that uses the reflection of underwater sound waves to detect objects

science 8 (5 decks)

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