Waves Flashcards
Define a longitudinal wave
One in which the particles vibrate parallel the direction in which the wave is travelling
Define a transverse wave
One in which the particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is travelling
Define frequency
Frequency in the number of complete waves passing a fixed point in a second.
Define wavelength
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs
Define amplitude
Amplitude is the greatest displacement of the wave from its undisturbed position
What is the wave equation?
Wave speed = frequency x wavelength
V= f x λ
Define reflection
Reflection is sending back a wave into the medium from which it came.
What is the normal
The line perpendicular to the barrier.
What is true during reflection
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of refraction
The wavelengths of the incident and reflected waves are equal
The frequency of the incident waves is the same as that of reflected waves
There is continuity of incident waves and reflected waves at the barrier
Define refraction
Refraction is the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another caused by its change in speed.
What happens to water as it moves from deep to shallow
Waves travel more slowly in shallow water. Since the same number of waves leave the deep water as enter shallow water every second the frequencies must be the same, therefore the wavelength in shallow must be shorter.
What are applications of ultrasound?
Scanning metal faults for cracks
Scanning a women’s womb to check the development of her baby
Scanning soft tissues to diagnose cancer
Fish location by seagoing trawlers
Mapping the surface of the ocean floor in oceanography