Waves Flashcards

1
Q

Types of waves

A

Electromagnetic and mechanical

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2
Q

Electromagnetic waves are

A

Oscillating electric and magnetic fields that progress through space without the need for a substance.

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3
Q

Longitudinal waves

A

Waves in which the direction of vibration is parallel to the direction of travel

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4
Q

Example of longitudinal wave

A

Waggling a slinky back and forward, sound waves and primary seismic waves.

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5
Q

Transverse waves

A

Waves which the direction of vibration is perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels.

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6
Q

Examples of transverse waves

A

Electromagnetic waves, secondary seismic waves and waves on a string/wire.

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7
Q

What type of wave is plane polarised

A

Transverse

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8
Q

How to make polarised light unpolarised

A

Use a Polaroid or polarising filter

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9
Q

Equation for phase difference

A

2 πd / λ

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10
Q

180 degrees in radians

A

π

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11
Q

360 degrees in radians

A

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12
Q

90 degrees in radians

A

π/2

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13
Q

Reflection

A

Light bouncing off surface and reflecting at the same angle

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14
Q

Refraction

A

When a wave passes a boundary where it slows down and changes direction

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15
Q

Diffraction

A

A wave spreading out after passing through a gap

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16
Q

Transmission

A

When a wave (like light) passes through a medium

17
Q

Absorption

A

When a substance captures energy from a wave

18
Q

Scattering

A

When light changes direction due to imperfections in the medium

19
Q

Superposition

A

The combination of waves as they pass through each other

20
Q

When a crest meets a crest

A

Super crest

21
Q

When a trough meets a trough

A

Super trough

22
Q

Destructive interference

A

When a peak meets a trough (phase difference of pi)

23
Q

Constructive interference

A

When a peak meets a peek (No or 2pi phase difference)

24
Q

Stationary wave

A

A wave where it forms areas of maximum displacement and no displacement

25
Progressive waves
Conventional wave with no defined areas of superposition
26
First harmonic
The simplest stationary wave pattern on a string
27
Node
No displacement
28
Antinode
Area of maximum displacement.
29
What is the equation for first harmonic on closed closed system
L=1/2 wavelength (add half for each harmonic after)
30
What is the equation of the first harmonic of a open open system
L=1/2 wavelength (add half for each harmonic after)
31
What is the equation for the first harmonic of a open closed pipe
L=1/4 wavelength
32
What is the job of an oscilloscope
To interpret waveforms