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Particles Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s does an atom contain.

A

A positively charged nucleus composed of protons and neutrons
Electrons that surround the nucleus

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2
Q

Relative charge of neutron

A

0 (its a neutral charged particle)

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3
Q

Relative charge of electron

A

-1 (its a negative charged particle)

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4
Q

Relative charge of proton

A

+1 (it is a positively charged particle)

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5
Q

Define isotopes

A

Same number of protons, differing numbers of neutrons

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6
Q

Specific charge

A

Charge / mass

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7
Q

What is the force holding the nuclei together

A

Strong nuclear force

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8
Q

What is the range of the strong nuclear force

A

3-4 femtometres (fm)

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9
Q

1 fm =

A

10^-15 m = 0.000,000,000,000,001m

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10
Q

What range is the strong nuclear force repulsive.

A

<0.5fm

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11
Q

What distance is the strong nuclear force negligible

A

> 3-4 fm

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12
Q

Alpha particle is effectively

A

A helium ion (2+)

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13
Q

Composition of an alpha particle

A

2 protons no electrons and 2 neutrons

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14
Q

Beta minus radiation is

A

A fast moving electron

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15
Q

Beta positive radiation is

A

High energy positron

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16
Q

Beta minus is
Neutron ——->

A

Proton + electron +anti electron neutrino

17
Q

Beta plus decay
Proton ————->

A

Neutron + positron + electron neutrino

18
Q

Gamma radiation

A

Electromagnetic radiation emitted by an unstable nucleus.

19
Q

What can gamma radiation pass through

A

Thick metal plates

20
Q

What is a packet of em waves called

A

A photon

21
Q

Order of the em spectrum (greatest wavelength to smallest)

A

Radio,microwave,infrared,visible light,ultraviolet,x-rays,gamma rays

22
Q

Equation for energy in a photon

A

E=hf

23
Q

What does h symbolises

A

Planck’s constant

24
Q

What does every particle have

A

An anti-particle variant of itself.

25
Q

Anti-particle of a electron

A

Positron

26
Q

Annihilation

A

When a particle and its antiparticle collide and their collective mass is turned into energy.

27
Q

Pair production

A

A photon creates a particle and a corresponding anti-particle

28
Q

Weak nuclear force

A

Weaker than strong nuclear force and only affects unstable nuclei.

29
Q

Electron capture

A

When a proton- rich nucleus absorbs a inner orbital electron to convert a proton to a neutron.

Physics (12 decks)

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