Waves Flashcards
What is a wave?
an oscillation that transfers energy without transferring any matter, by making the particles of the substance (or fields) that it is travelling through oscillate
What does oscillation mean?
vibration
What are the two types of waves?
transverse and longitudinal
What do the words transverse and longitudinal describe?
the direction of the wave oscillations
In the exam, how should you describe the of the wave?
the direction of energy transfer of the wave
In what direction do transverse waves oscillate compared to the direction of energy transfer?
the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer of the wave
In what direction do longitudinal waves oscillate compared to the direction of energy transfer?
the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer of the wave
What are examples of transverse waves?
light and all other electromagnetic waves, ripples on water, waves on strings or springs when wiggled up and down
What is the area called in a longitudinal wave where the particles are bunched together?
compression
What is the area called in a longitudinal wave where the partcles are spread out?
rarefaction
What are examples of longitudinal waves?
sound waves and a spring when you push the end
In what direction to transverse waves oscillate?
up and down
In what direction do longitudinal waves oscillate?
left to right
What happens to particles when waves travel through a medium?
the particles of the medium oscillate and transfer energy between each other, but overall the particles stay in the same place, only energy is transferred
What are two observations that can be used to explain that waves only transfer energy and not matter?
ripples on a water surface cause floating objects to just bob up and down, they don’t move across the water to the edge, so the wave travels but not the water
if you strum a guitar string and create sound waves, the sound waves don’t carry the air away from the guitar to create a vacuum
