Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is wavelength?

A

Distance between 2 consecutive peaks or troughs

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2
Q

What is amplitude?

A

Maximum displacement of a particle from the equilibrium

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3
Q

What is peak and trough?

A

Peak- maximum positive displacement
Trough- maximum negative displacement

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4
Q

What is frequency?

A

Number of waves in one second

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5
Q

What is time period?

A

Time taken for one complete wave

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6
Q

What is the formula for frequency and time period?

A

F=1/T
T=1/F

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7
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

When the direction of a particle vibration is perpendicular to the direction of travel of wave
E.g. light/ electromagnetic

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8
Q

What is longitudinal?

A

When the direction of a particle vibration is parallel to the direction of travel of wave
E.g. sound/ultrasound

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9
Q

Different parts of a wave

A

Peak/crest,wavelength,trough and amplitude

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10
Q

Three points on the analogy between water waves and light waves

A

Reflected wavelength = incident wavelength
Reflected frequency = incident frequency
Reflected speed = incident speed

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11
Q

What is an echo and what is the calculation for an echo?

A

Echo is a reflected sound
Speed =distance/time
(Remember to half the time as it is an echo)

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12
Q

What is ultrasound and what are some uses for it?

A

High frequency sound that is above 20kHz which is above the human hearing range.
Detecting faults in metals, cleaning delicate equipment and breaking kidney stones.

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13
Q

What is sonar and radar used for?

A

Sonar: Detects underwater objects using sound pulses
Radar: Detects aircraft’s and ships using electromagnetic waves

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14
Q

What do all the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum have in common?

A

Transverse waves
Can travel though a vacuum
Travel at the same speed (Speed of light)

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15
Q

Waves in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength

A

Radio waves, micro waves, infrared waves, visible light, ultra violet waves, x-rays, gamma rays

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16
Q

What are the dangers of gamma rays and x-rays?

A

Damage cells and disrupt DNA, which may lead to cancer

17
Q

What are the dangers of Ultra violet light?

A

Certain wavelengths can damage skin cells, disrupt DNA and may lead to skin cancer

18
Q

What are the dangers of visible light?

A

Damage the eyes

19
Q

What are the dangers of microwaves?

A

Internal heating of body tissues which can lead to eye cataracts.

20
Q

What the dangers of infrared light?

A

Felt as heat and can cause burns.

21
Q

What are the dangers of radio waves?

A

Believed to cause cancer,leukaemia and other disorders.

22
Q

What do waves do in shallow water?

A

Travel slower.
Shorter wavelength.
Same frequency