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physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

What is a wave

A

It is a disturbance that’s transfers energy

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2
Q

How many types of waves are there

A

Two

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3
Q

What are the two types of waves called

A

Transverse and longitudinal

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4
Q

What is a transverse wave

A

In a transverse wave the osolations of the particles are perpendicular to the direction of the energy

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5
Q

What do particles do

A

They vibrate , they can’t move

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6
Q

Name four examples of transverse waves

A

Water, light ,electromagnetic, seismic S wave

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7
Q

What is a longitudinal wave

A

In a longitudinal wave , the osolations of the particles are parallel to the direction of energy

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8
Q

Name 2 examples of a longitudinal wave

A

Seismic p wave and sound wave

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9
Q

What is the arrangement of particles in a sound wave

A

Rarefication and then compression

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10
Q

How do transverse waves move

A

Up and down

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11
Q

How do longitudinal waves move

A

Side to side

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12
Q

What is the amplitude

A

The maximum displacement of a point on the wave from its undistirbed position

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13
Q

What is the wave length

A

The distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the wave beside it

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14
Q

What is the period

A

It is a time taken from one complete wave to pass a point

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15
Q

What is the frequency

A

Is the number of waves passing a point each second

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16
Q

What is the frequency equation

A

F=1/T

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17
Q

What is the unit for frequency

A

Hertz

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18
Q

What is the unit for period

A

Seconds

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19
Q

What are rare fractions

A

They are regions of low pressure due to particles being spread far apart

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20
Q

What is compression

A

It is where there are regions of high pressure due to particles being close together which is because of the waves being closer together

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21
Q

what is the equation for wave speed

A

v = fx wavelength

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22
Q

what is wavespeed measure in

A

m/s

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23
Q

what is wavelnegth meaasured in

A

cm

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24
Q

what is the 1 waves core practicall

A

waves in a ripple tank

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25
Q

what is the aim of creating waves in a ripple tank

A

to meassure the wave length and frequency to calculate wavespeed

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26
Q

name the apparatus of waves in aripple tank experiment

A

ripple tank,light,paper,ruler and a phone

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27
Q

to create waves in a ripple tank what is the first step

A

put some water into the ripple tank

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28
Q

to create waves in a ripple tank what is the second step

A

arrach the osolator to the tank

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29
Q

to create qwaves in a ripple tank what is the thirid step

A

shine ooght on the water from th4e top

30
Q

to create waves in a ripple tank what is thew fourth step

A

put paper underneath the tank

31
Q

to create waves in a ripple tank whatr is the fith step

A

start the osoclator to create water waves

32
Q

to create waves in aripple tank what is the sixth step

A

use a ruler to measure the distance from one peak to the nezt of the reflectionv on the paper

33
Q

to create waves in a ripple tank what the seventh step

A

yse a mobile phone to film the reflection of the waves on the paper `

34
Q

to create qaves in a ripple tanl what is the eigth step

A

use a stop watch to time the number of waves passing through aq point in 10 seconds

35
Q

to create wave sin a ripple tank what is the nineth step

A

divide the number of waves by 10 to find the frequency

36
Q

to create3 a wave in aripple tank what is thre last step

A

to calculate wave speed, multiplyu frequency by wave lengtth

37
Q

what is the appartus neede for wave speed on a string(7)

A

string,measuring taoe,pulley,masses,hanger,signa generator,vibration machine

38
Q

what is the aim of the exoeriment wavespeed on a string

A

to calculate wavespeed of the solid

39
Q

co create waves on a string what is the first step

A

attach a string to a hanger that has masses

40
Q

ro create waves on a string what is the second step

A

attach the other end of the string to the vibrating machine

41
Q

to create waves on a string what is third step

A

connect vibration machine to sigma generator

42
Q

to create waves on a string what is the fourth step

A

hang the side of the string that is attach to the hanger over a pulley

43
Q

to create waves on a string what is the fifth step

A

use the sigma generator to chose a frequency to will create a complete wave on aa string

44
Q

to create waves on a string what is the sixth step

A

use a measuring tape to measure of waveelngth

45
Q

to create waves on a string what is the last step

A

use the formula v= fx wavelength to find the wavespeed

46
Q

how do waves travel

A

from one medium to another

47
Q

what happens to the frquency when waves travel from one medium to another

A

the frequency stays the same

48
Q

how do water waves travel in shallow water

A

they travel more slowly in shallow water

49
Q

when the water waves travel slowly in the shallow water what ahppens to the wave;length

A

the wavelenth decreases

50
Q

what is the normal

A

a 90 degree line to the interface between two diffrent materials

51
Q

what is the interface

A

the boundary between two materials

52
Q

how can waves refract

A

when it meets a boundary between two diffrent materials

53
Q

how can you describe the wave is being refracted

A

the normal, by saying if it is moving towards or away

54
Q

describe how a light wave is refratced when moving from glass to air

A

it refracts away the normal

55
Q

describe how a light wave is refracted when moving from air to glass

A

it refracts towards the normal

56
Q

does glass or air have a greater density

57
Q

describe what happens to the speed of light wave as it travels air to glass aand then glass to air

A

when the light wave is travelling from air to glass it slows down but from glass to air it speeds up

58
Q

what is refraction

A

the wave passes throgh the new matirel but there is change in direction in which its travelling

59
Q

why does an object at the bottom of a pool look closer than it actually is

A

because our eyes see light when it reflects off a surface and changes direction

60
Q

what does the speed of waves in water depend on

A

deep water

61
Q

do waves moving from deepto shallow water slow down or speed up and do they stay the same direction or change dirction

A

waves that move from deep to shallow water slow down and changedirection

62
Q

what does transmitted mean

A

the wave passes through the matriel is not absorbed or reflected

63
Q

what does absorb mean

A

the wave disspears as the energy is carrying is transfered to the matriel

64
Q

when a wave reaches an interface betwee two matirels waves can either

A
  • reflected
    -refracted
    -transmitted
  • absorbed
65
Q

when a wave is absorbed at a boundary what happens to the energy

A

transferred to the matriels energy stores

66
Q

when a wave is transmitted at a boundary what happnes to the energy

A

the wave enters the matriel but carries on passing through the material which often leads to refraction

67
Q

when a wave is reflected at a boundary what happens to the energy

A

doesn’t eneter the material

68
Q

what depends on reflection,absorb and transmit

A

wavelength and propertites of the two materials

69
Q

what is one rule when it comes to ray diagrams

A

angle incidience = angleof reflection

70
Q

how to draw a ray diagram from air to glass

A
  1. draw a straight incoming ray of light
    2.add an arrow the the incoming ray of light to show that is going downwards rto the mirro
    3.draw the normal (dashed line) perpendicular right next to the incoming ray of light and it is always at 90 degrees
    4.draw the angle of incidinec which is the angle between the incoming ray and the normal line
  2. apply the rule , angle of incidience is equal to angle of reflection, the same angle of incidience true has to be the same as the angle ofreflection
71
Q

what is specular reflection

A

when the surface is flat and all thenormals are in the same direction. this creates a clear image.

72
Q

what is diffuse reflection

A

when the surface is rough and the normals are pointed in diffrent direction and that means the light will be reflect everywhere

physics (10 decks)

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