astronomy Flashcards
what is the solar system made up of
planets,dwarf planets,natural,satelitles,artificial satellites,asteroids and comets
planets
large objects which orbit stars.there are 8 of them orbiting the sun.they must be large enough to have cleared their neighbourhood
dwarf planets
planets like objects that orbit stars but are too small to meet all the requirements to be classified as a planet
natural satelite
natural objects that orbit a planet
artificial satilite
satellites that humans have built
astroid
lumps of rock and metals that orbit the sun. often located in a belt between Mars and Jupiter
comet
lumps of ice and dust that orbit the sun
what is the order of the planets
mercuary ,venus ,earth,mars,jupiter,saturn,uranus and neptune - my very excited mum just served us noodles
elliptical
squashed oval
what things can we use to observe the universe
land telescope ,satellite telescope ,rover,photograph,computer analysis and simulations, eyes and lander
where should we put a land telescope
on a hill
advantages of a landbased telescope
- it can updated easily if new tec is invented
- easy to repair
- you can make the telescope it big to detect faint object
disavantage of landbased teloscope
- can only ever see half the sky
advantages of a satillite teloscope
can see any part the sky when its pointed in that direction
can detect wavelength of em radiation that would be absorbed by the atmosphere
produces clearer images because the atmosphere doesn’t effect the image quality because there is no atmosphere on space to be effecting it but on land there is
disadvantages of satillate telosopce
has to be made as small and light as possible because they have to transport it to space
very expensive to repair and might not be able to repair it
why is the weight of an object different on each planet
the greater the mass of the object the bigger the objects weight will be
how and why does the weight of any body differ between the surface of planets
the weight of an object is the force of gravity acting on its mass.It can be calculated using the equation w = mxg .an objects mass does not change but its. weight depends on the strength of the gravitational field of the planet
how and why does the gravity of any body difference between the surface of planets
the gravitational field strength on the surface of a body such as a planet or moon depends on the mass and radius of the body. the greater the mass and the smaller its radius, the greater its surface gravity
which bodies have almost circular orbits
planets
which bodies have highly eliptical orbuts
comets and dwarf planets
describe earths speed
the earths speed is always constant
describe earth velocity
the velocity would always be changing becuase it is a vector and has a magnitude and a direction, the direction is always changing causing the acceleration to always be changing
describe earth acceler\tion
acceleration would always be changing because it is a vector and has a magnitude and a direction, the direction is always changing causing the acceleration
how does distance affect velocity?
hiw does distance affect gravitatio m
the greater the distance the smaller gravitational force acting on an object in orbit
common features of stars
- spherical
-hot - Bright emits uv
-large gravitational fields - they don’t orbit
difference of stars
- different matriels
- colours
- sizes
-masses - temperatures
what keeps the sun in orbit
gravity from the sun creates a centripetal force on the planet because it works with the velocity of the planet which goes a right angle to the centripetal force
what is the effect of gravity when a planet Is closer to the sun
if a planet is close to the sun the gravity acting on the planet from the sun is stronger.
why does the velocity of the planet have to be strong
the velocity of the planet has to be strong enough to balance out the gravitational pull from the sun to make sure the planet isn’t pulled in the direction of the sun
how many dwarf planets are there
5
how many comets
thousand
how many asteriods
millions
what is the name of the only star in our solar system
sun
what orbit the sun
planets and dwarf planets
how many planets are in our solar system
8
what is terrestrial planet
a plant composed of primariklly silicate rock or metals
name 4 terrestrial planets
mecruary, venus, earth and mars
what is a gas giant
a large planet composed of mostly gasses with a relatively small rocky core
name 4 gas giants
jupiter,saturn, uranus and neptune
what is the moon
a natural satllite
