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Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Label the number on the graph

A

1 - Amplitude
2 - Peak
3 - Trough
4 - Wavelength
5 - Displacement
6 - Distance
7 - Compression
8 - Rarefaction

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2
Q

What is amplitude

A

The maximum disturbance of a wave from its undisturbed position

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3
Q

What is wavelength

A

The distance from a point on one wave to the same point om the next wave, measured in metres

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4
Q

What is compression

A

Waves in a longitudinal wave which are close together

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5
Q

What is rarefaction

A

Waves in a longitudinal wave which are far apart

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6
Q

What is time period

A

The time for a single wave to happen

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7
Q

What is wave speed

A

The speed at which the wave moves

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8
Q

What is frequency

A

The number of waves passing a point each second

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9
Q

What is the equation linking time period, frequency and 1

A

T = 1/f

T - Time period, measured in seconds (s)
F - frequency, measured in hertz (Hz)

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10
Q

What is the equation linking wave speed frequency and wave length

A

v = fλ

v - velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
f - frequency, measured in hertz (Hz)
λ - wavelength, measured in metres (m)

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11
Q

Required practical : Measuring waves in a ripple tank

What is the method

A

Place the ripple tank on a table over a piece of paper
Fill the tank with a bit of water
Attach the dipper to a power supply
Turn the dipper on, start a timer, record in slow motion for ten seconds and take a screenshot of the video
Find the wavelength by measuring the distance between the peaks
Find the frequency by counting the number of waves in the video and divide it by 10
Find the wave speed by multiplying the frequency by the wave length

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12
Q

What is the difference between transverse and longitudinal wave

A

Transverse - oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer, e.g. light
Longitudinal - oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer, e.g. sound

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13
Q

What are the EM waves

A

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible light
UV
X-rays
Gamma rays

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14
Q

What are the properties of EM waves

A

They travel at the speed of light
They can travel through a vacuum
They transfer energy
They are transverse waves
They obey the wave equation

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15
Q

What are the uses of EM waves

A

Radio waves - transmit radio and TV programmes between different points on the Earth’s surface
Microwaves - heat substances, mobile phones to communicate with satellites
Infrared - night vision cameras
Visible light - to see things
UV - sunbeds
X-rays - produce shadow pictures of materials
Gamma rays - sterilise surgical equipment, kill cancer cells

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16
Q

What are the dangers of EM waves

A

UV - cause mutations, cancer, skin to age prematurely, increases the risk of skin cancer
X-rays and gamma rays - cause mutations, cancer, damage human tissue

17
Q

What is the angle of incidence

A

The angle between the normal and incident ray

18
Q

Define angle of reflection

A

The angle between the normal and reflected ray

19
Q

What is normal

A

An imaginary but useful line at right angles to the boundary between air/glass. All angles are measured to this line

20
Q

What’s the difference between specular and diffuse reflection

A

Specular - light travels towards a surface in one direction and is reflected in a single direction
Diffuse - light travel towards a surface and is scattered in different directions

21
Q

What is refraction

A

When a wave goes through a substance and its speed and direction changes

Low density —> high density (air —> substance
High density —> low density (substance —> air)

22
Q

Required practical : How different surfaces affect infrared intensity

What is the method

A

Place a Leslie cube on a heat-resistant mat
Fill it, almost to the top, with boiling water and replace the lid
Leave for one minute
Use the infrared detector to measure the intensity of infrared radiation emitted from each surface, or the temperature of the surface. Make sure that the detector is the same distance from each surface for each reading

Physics (7 decks)

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