wave motion + oscillations Flashcards
amplitude
magnitude of the maximum displacement from its equilibrium position
period (osc)
time taken for one complete oscillation
frequency (osc)
number of oscillations per unit time
angular frequency (osc)
product of the frequency of oscillation and 2pi
phase
state of oscillation of a body at a particular time
phase difference (two oscillators/one oscillator)
difference in the state of oscillation between [two oscillators at a particular instant]/[one oscillator at two instances in time]
simple harmonic motion!!
motion of a body such that its acceleration is proportional to its displacement from its equilibrium position, where acceleration is always opposite in direction to its displacement from equilibrium
damping
the decrease in the amplitude of oscillation with time due to energy loss
forced oscillations
the application of a periodic driving force to a system to make it oscillate at the frequency of the applied force rather than its natural frequency (constant forcing frequency and amplitude)
resonance
when the frequency of the driving force equals the natural frequency of the oscillating system. maximum energy transfer occurs and the amplitude of oscillations of the system is at its maximum.
displacement (wave)
distance in a specified direction from its equilibrium position of a particle on a wave
period (wave)
time taken for a particle in a wave to complete one oscillation
frequency (wave)
number of oscillations completed by each particle of the wave per unit time
wavelength
shortest distance between two points on a progressive wave which are oscillating in phase
wave speed
distance travelled by the wave per unit time
progressive waves
energy is transferred in the direction of wave propagation by the oscillations of particles in the medium. waveform appears to be moving though particles are not transported along the wave
transverse waves
the plane of oscillation of particles of the medium is at right angles to the direction of energy transfer
longitudinal waves
plane of oscillation of particles in the medium is along an axis parallel to the direction of transfer of energy
intensity
power per unit area transferred across an area perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
polarised transverse wave
wave where oscillations are confined to one direction only in a plane normal to the direction of energy transfer.
