Water Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is most of the water on Earth located?

A

Most of the water is located in saline water or salt water

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2
Q

What reservoir contains most of the usable fresh water?

A

Groundwater contains most of the usable freshwater.

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3
Q

The middle pie chart says “other 0.9%.” What reservoir do you think most of this water can be found?

A

The atmosphere

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4
Q

Name three unique qualities of water that are essential to human survival

A

Water is found in 3 states of matter on earth- solid,liquid and gas
Water expands when it freezes- making ice float
Water has a high heat capacity- It allows heat to transfer from the equator to the poles
Water is transparent- Allows plants and algae to grow in water
Water is a good solvent- Allows chemicals to react in living things

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5
Q

How would it be possible for a molecule of water in the ground in front of school to end up in a cup of coffee in Switzerland?

A

The molecule would evaporate, then condense and precipitate into a Switzerland treatment plant for coffee.

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6
Q

Name three ways water can enter a lake

A

Groundwater, precipitate or rainfall,surface runoff

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7
Q

What is the difference between the saturated zone and the unsaturated zone? What do we call the line in between the two?

A

The saturated zone , the spaces in the ground between particles are filled with water. the unsaturated zone is filled with air. The line between the two is called the water table

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8
Q

What happens to the water table as wells remove water from an aquifer faster than it is being replaced? How could this impact people with well water?

A

The water table drops. It could cause the wells to dry.

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9
Q

How can radioactive material from the damaged Fukushima daiichi power plant end up in tap water in Tokyo, Japan?

A

Precipitation can pick up the radioactive materials, it infiltrates into the ground, then travels into the aquifer through groundwater flow.

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10
Q

What is the least permiable and the most permiable (Clay,sand,silt,gravel)

A

Clay- Least permeable (1)
Sand- Third least permeable (3)
Silt- Second least permeable (2)
Gravel-Most permeable (4)

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11
Q

Give three examples of direct water use. How much water does the typical American use directly on a daily basis?

A

cooking, dishes, washing clothes. 92 gallons for direct

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12
Q

Give three examples of indirect water use? How much water does the typical American use if you add indirect use with direct water use?

A

Eating food, refining gas, and making clothes. Around 1700 gallons of water indirect

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13
Q

What activity puts the largest demand on freshwater resources in the US?

A

Agriculture

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14
Q

Why does Texas use a lot of water per person?

A

There is a lot of ranching/farming.

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15
Q

What process causes water from plants to enter the atmosphere?

A

Transpiration

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16
Q

What process causes clouds to form?

A

condensation/deposition

17
Q

What process causes water in clouds to move from one region to another?

A

Advection

18
Q

Name 4 reservoirs in which water is temporarily stored

A

Ocean, lakes, Ice caps, atmosphere

19
Q

Explain why water having a high specific heat is important for heat transfer on Earth.

A

It transfers heat from the tropics towards poles

20
Q

Why do icebergs float?

A

Ice is less dense than water due to the fact it expands when increases

21
Q

What percentage the hydrosphere on Earth is accessible for human use? Name 2 reservoirs where it is located.

A

1% of the hydrosphere is accessible on earth.Ground water and surface water (lakes,rivers,streams)

22
Q

Name 2 variables that will determine the amount of accessible fresh water available to humans.

A

Precipitation, location,demand/population

23
Q

What is a watershed?

A

It is an area of land that drains into a specific body of water.Also called a drainage basin

24
Q

Where does groundwater collect in an aquifer?

A

In between particles of sand/dirt that make up the ground

25
Q

How do people typically access water stored in an aquifer?

A

Through wells

26
Q

What could cause the water table to rise?

A

Lots of rain

27
Q

What type of Earth material would you not want to drill down into for well water?

A

Clay

28
Q

Name 2 reasons why a well might run dry

A

drought, excessive withdrawals

29
Q

What is desalination? Why would a community utilize this process? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of desalination?

A

Removing salt from water
It has limited water resources
Advantages- unlimited supply of sea water
Disadvantages-expensive, limited availability

30
Q

Describe 2 ways that a community supply of groundwater could become threatened.

A

Contamination, drought

31
Q

Why does it take about 500 gallons of water to make just one cheeseburger?

A

You need to feed the cow for its entire life
You need to give the cow water
Process and transport the beef

32
Q

Describe 2 threats to the water supply in Tokyo, Japan

A

Huge demand, drought, contamination

33
Q

Describe some of the threats to the water supply for someone that lives in a village in Kenya.

A

Contamination, overuse/demand, lack of infrastructure

34
Q

Describe where Waterford gets its water and what is done to ensure that it is safe

A

Lake konomoc
The water is filtered
Chlorine is added to kill bacteria and viruses
The water is tested frequently
The pH is adjusted to prevent contamination form pipes
The watershed is protected