Water Test

Question 1

Where is most of the water on Earth located?

Answer 1

Most of the water is located in saline water or salt water

Question 2

What reservoir contains most of the usable fresh water?

Answer 2

Groundwater contains most of the usable freshwater.

Question 3

The middle pie chart says “other 0.9%.” What reservoir do you think most of this water can be found?

Answer 3

The atmosphere

Question 4

Name three unique qualities of water that are essential to human survival

Answer 4

Water is found in 3 states of matter on earth- solid,liquid and gas
Water expands when it freezes- making ice float
Water has a high heat capacity- It allows heat to transfer from the equator to the poles
Water is transparent- Allows plants and algae to grow in water
Water is a good solvent- Allows chemicals to react in living things

Question 5

How would it be possible for a molecule of water in the ground in front of school to end up in a cup of coffee in Switzerland?

Answer 5

The molecule would evaporate, then condense and precipitate into a Switzerland treatment plant for coffee.

Question 6

Name three ways water can enter a lake

Answer 6

Groundwater, precipitate or rainfall,surface runoff

Question 7

What is the difference between the saturated zone and the unsaturated zone? What do we call the line in between the two?

Answer 7

The saturated zone , the spaces in the ground between particles are filled with water. the unsaturated zone is filled with air. The line between the two is called the water table

Question 8

What happens to the water table as wells remove water from an aquifer faster than it is being replaced? How could this impact people with well water?

Answer 8

The water table drops. It could cause the wells to dry.

Question 9

How can radioactive material from the damaged Fukushima daiichi power plant end up in tap water in Tokyo, Japan?

Answer 9

Precipitation can pick up the radioactive materials, it infiltrates into the ground, then travels into the aquifer through groundwater flow.

Question 10

What is the least permiable and the most permiable (Clay,sand,silt,gravel)

Answer 10

Clay- Least permeable (1)
Sand- Third least permeable (3)
Silt- Second least permeable (2)
Gravel-Most permeable (4)

Question 11

Give three examples of direct water use. How much water does the typical American use directly on a daily basis?

Answer 11

cooking, dishes, washing clothes. 92 gallons for direct

Question 12

Give three examples of indirect water use? How much water does the typical American use if you add indirect use with direct water use?

Answer 12

Eating food, refining gas, and making clothes. Around 1700 gallons of water indirect

Question 13

What activity puts the largest demand on freshwater resources in the US?

Answer 13

Agriculture

Question 14

Why does Texas use a lot of water per person?

Answer 14

There is a lot of ranching/farming.

Question 15

What process causes water from plants to enter the atmosphere?

Answer 15

Transpiration

Question 16

What process causes clouds to form?

Answer 16

condensation/deposition

Question 17

What process causes water in clouds to move from one region to another?

Answer 17

Advection

Question 18

Name 4 reservoirs in which water is temporarily stored

Answer 18

Ocean, lakes, Ice caps, atmosphere

Question 19

Explain why water having a high specific heat is important for heat transfer on Earth.

Answer 19

It transfers heat from the tropics towards poles

Question 20

Why do icebergs float?

Answer 20

Ice is less dense than water due to the fact it expands when increases

Question 21

What percentage the hydrosphere on Earth is accessible for human use? Name 2 reservoirs where it is located.

Answer 21

1% of the hydrosphere is accessible on earth.Ground water and surface water (lakes,rivers,streams)

Question 22

Name 2 variables that will determine the amount of accessible fresh water available to humans.

Answer 22

Precipitation, location,demand/population

Question 23

What is a watershed?

Answer 23

It is an area of land that drains into a specific body of water.Also called a drainage basin

Question 24

Where does groundwater collect in an aquifer?

Answer 24

In between particles of sand/dirt that make up the ground

Question 25

How do people typically access water stored in an aquifer?

Answer 25

Through wells

Question 26

What could cause the water table to rise?

Answer 26

Lots of rain

Question 27

What type of Earth material would you not want to drill down into for well water?

Answer 27

Clay

Question 28

Name 2 reasons why a well might run dry

Answer 28

drought, excessive withdrawals

Question 29

What is desalination? Why would a community utilize this process? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of desalination?

Answer 29

Removing salt from water
It has limited water resources
Advantages- unlimited supply of sea water
Disadvantages-expensive, limited availability

Question 30

Describe 2 ways that a community supply of groundwater could become threatened.

Answer 30

Contamination, drought

Question 31

Why does it take about 500 gallons of water to make just one cheeseburger?

Answer 31

You need to feed the cow for its entire life
You need to give the cow water
Process and transport the beef

Question 32

Describe 2 threats to the water supply in Tokyo, Japan

Answer 32

Huge demand, drought, contamination

Question 33

Describe some of the threats to the water supply for someone that lives in a village in Kenya.

Answer 33

Contamination, overuse/demand, lack of infrastructure

Question 34

Describe where Waterford gets its water and what is done to ensure that it is safe

Answer 34

Lake konomoc
The water is filtered
Chlorine is added to kill bacteria and viruses
The water is tested frequently
The pH is adjusted to prevent contamination form pipes
The watershed is protected