Water Supply, Hose, Tools Flashcards
Static pressure
“Stored potential”
Normal pressure before water is released by a hydrant
Pressure
Defined as the force per unit area, measured in psi or kPa
Flow pressure
“Forward velocity”
Pressure discharged while opening and water Is flowing
Can be measured with pitot tube
Residual pressure
“Pressure left in distribution system”
Dry barrel
Installed is areas where freezing conditions are expected
Water is below the frost line and hydrant is empty, water is drained when re closed
Stim is vertical
How can you verify that the dry hydrant is empty?
Your hand will feel suction
Wet barrel
Installed in warmer climates
Always full of water
Stim is horizontal
How can you determine the amount of water pressure the hydrant operates?
It will be color coded
Hydrants are spaced how far apart in high value areas?
300ft
When would you be required intermediate hydrants
When the distance of intersections exceed 350to 400 ft
What are two types of water supplies?
Natural- lakes, ponds, rivers, oceans
Manmade- swimming pools, farm stock
What is drafting?
Drawing water from a static source to supply a pumper
When using a barrel strainer what’s the minimum of water surrounding it?
24inches
When would water shuttling operations need to be conducted?
When the distance is greater than 11/2 mile than the capability to lay supply lines
What are three key components to water shuttle operations?
Attack apparatus
Fill apparatus
Mobile water supply apparatus
What are two basic types of portable water tanks?
Collapsible
Self supporting
What needs to take place prior to opening a portable water tank?
Lay out a salvage cover
What are four types of tankers for unloading?
Gravity dumping
Jet pump
Apparatus pumps
Combination
Tankers are capable of dumping at what rate?
1,000 gpm
What factor must be considered when using a relay?
Water source must be able to supply and maintain desired pressure and volume for the duration of incident
What is used to hook up the apparatus to the water source?
Intake hose
What are the types of intake hoses used?
Soft
Hard
NFPA 1901 requires what?
Pumpers carry 15ft soft hose 20ft hard hose 800ft of 21/2inch hose Supply hose may be up to 6inches in diameter 400ft 11/2 & 11/4 and 2 inch
11/2 hose
40-125 gpm
1-2 person
13/4 hose
40-175 gpm
2 person
2inch hose
100- 250gpm
2-3 person
What are the four types of hose damage?
Mechanical- Preventive
Thermal
Organic
Chemical
What do you do if you get chemicals on your hose?
Scrub with baking soda and water
How do you clean dirt off woven jacket hose?
Broom to Brush dirt and dust
What are lugs used for?
Aid in tighten and loosen couplings
What are pin lugs uses for?
Use higbee cut to indicate coupling aliment
Storz couplings
Sexless 1/4 of a turn to connect
What does a Siamese do?
Connects two hose lines into one and uses a clapper to use only one supply line
Adapter fitting
Double male to double female hook up
Reducer fitting
Smaller hose line to lager
Elbow fitting
Change the direction of flow
Hose cap
Close off male coupling
Hose plugs
Close off female
What are three types of hose clamps?
Screw down
Press down
Hydraulic
When applying a hose clamp it should be how far from the coupling?
5 ft
What are Ramps and bridges used for?
Prevent damage from vehicles running over them
Chafing blocks?
Protects the hose where it is subjected to vibrations
Hose strap
Secures the hose to ladder
What are 3 common types of hose Rolling?
Straight roll
Donut roll
Twin donut roll
What are 3 types of loads?
Accordion
Flat load- pre connected
Minuteman
What are the two types of tests the hose go through?
Acceptance- done by manufacturing
Service- done annually or subject to damage
NFPA 1962
Requires hoses to hydro testes at 3 mins at max psi
When water is applied to a fire it expands how much greater than original volume?
1700x
What is the term when you suddenly stop the psi of the hose line damaging the plug?
Water hammer
The rate of discharge is determined by gpm….
Low volume stream- less than 40 gpm
Handling stream- 40-350 gpm
Master stream- excess 350 gpm
Types of direct firefighting
Penciling- short burst solid stream
Painting- constant flow
Combination
What is the most dangerous disputation for fire fighters?
While responding in apparatus
What is the only time you will jump from an apparatus?
To clear electrical hazards
When do firefighter don hearing protection?
90 decibels
What is the most common type of Manmade source for water?
Farm stock tanks
What are the three types of strainers?
Barrel
Low level
Floating
What are two types of fog nozzles?
Manuel Auto (constant pressure)
What are the types of nozzles?
Fog Smooth bore (solid stream)
