water soluble vitamins

Question 1

properties of vit c

Answer 1

most iunstable
water soluble
insoluble in fat
acidic with sharp or bitter taste
destroyed by heat, alkalis, light metals and oxydase
antioxidant

Question 2

sources of vitamin c

Answer 2

kiwis
potatoes
poranges
lemons
cabbage
broccoli
`

Question 3

functions of vit c

Answer 3

Forms healthy gums and prevents inflammation
Forms collagen which helps hold cells together to form tissues
Assists with absorption of iron (changer ferric iron to ferrous iron)
Promotes quick wound healing
Powerful antioxidant- can help counteract the damage of free radicals

Question 4

effects of vit c deficiency

Answer 4

Scurvy
Weakened body tissues
Wounds take longer to heal
Anaemia
Susceptibility to illness and infection
Risk of damage to cells by free radicals increasing risk of cancers, stoke and heart disease

Question 5

scientific name for b12

Answer 5

cobalamin

Question 6

properties of vit b12 (cobalamin)

Answer 6

water soluble
insoluble in fat
destroyed by strong acids, alkalis and light
heat stabel but some loss during cooking

Question 7

sources of b12

Answer 7

offal, meat, eggs, milk , cheese, fish fortified milks

Question 8

functions of cobalamin (b12)

Answer 8

aids metabolism of fatty acids to release energy
aids metabolism of folic acid
maintains myelin sheath which speeds up nerve impulses
aids formation of red blood cells

Question 9

effects of b12 deficiency

Answer 9

tiredness and irritability
increased risk of neural tube defects in foetus
delayed nerve impulses leading to cognitive impairment
pernicious anaemia

Question 10

folate

Answer 10

natural form found in food

Question 11

folic acid

Answer 11

synthetic form used to make supplements

Question 12

properties of folate/folic acid

Answer 12

water soluble, insoluble in fat, heat stable but some loss during cooking, unaffected by acids, destroyed by alkalis, oxygen and light

Question 13

food sources of folate

Answer 13

leafy green veg, wheat germ, wholemeal bread, offal, fortified breakfast cereals

Question 14

other sources of folate/folic acid

Answer 14

folic acids supplements

Question 15

functions of folic acid/folate

Answer 15

• needed in pregnancy to form brain and close end of spinal chord
• works with b12 to form rbc’s
• maintains immmune system by helping wbcs fight infection

Question 16

effects of folate deficiency

Answer 16

NTD eg spina bifida or anencephaly ]
tirednness and fatique
anaemia
icreased susceptibility to illness and infection

Question 17

rda of folic acid/folate

Answer 17

children = 100-200 ug
teens and adults= 300ug
pregnantwomen = 500 ug
lactating women = 400ug

Question 18

vitamin b1 (thiamine) properties

Answer 18

water soluble
insoluble in fat
70% loss during milling
destroyed by high temps, alkalis and light

Question 19

sources of vit b1 thiamine

Answer 19

wholegrain cereals
milk
meat
offal
eggs
small amount synthesised by bacteria in intestine

Question 20

functions of b1 thiamine

Answer 20

aids metabolism of carbohydrates
aids correct functioning of nerves
aids growth and development of children

Question 21

effects of b1 thiamine deficiency

Answer 21

beri beri
tiredness and irritability
stunted or delayed growth in children

Question 22

vitamin b2 riboflavin properties

Answer 22

water soluble 
insoluble in fat
unstable at high temperatures
sensitive to light 
destroyed by alkalis

Question 23

sources of b2

Answer 23

fortified breakfast cereals
meat
offal
eggs
milk
yeast extract

Question 24

functions of riboflavin b2

Answer 24

aids metabolism of proteins fats and carbohydrates to release energy from food
maintains healthy mucous membranes
aids growth and development of children

Question 25

properties of vitamin b3 (niacin)

Answer 25

``` water soluble stable to alkalis and acids heat stable insoluble in fats 80-90% loss during milling ```

Question 26

functions of b3 (niacin)

Answer 26

aids metabolism of carbohydrates to release energy helps maintain healthy skin supports healthy nerve activity

Question 27

effects of niacin b3 deficiency

Answer 27

tiredness, irritability pellagra= dermatitis, diarrhoea, depression, dementia and death delayed nerve impulses

Question 28

properties of b6 pyridoxine

Answer 28

water soluble insoluble in fats heat stable destroyed by oxygen alkalis and light

Question 29

sources of b6 pyridoxine

Answer 29

meat offal fish bananas nuts

Question 30

functions of b6 pyridoxine

Answer 30

aids etabolism of carbs, proteins and fats to release energy supports healthy nerve activity prevents pyridoxine dependent epilepsy in babies relieves symptoms of pmt and nausea in early pregnancy

Question 31

effects of b6 pyridoxine deficiency

Answer 31

``` tirednedd and irritability pmt symptoms nausea during pregancy delayed nerve impulses convulsions and seizures in young babies ```