water-soluble hormones Flashcards
what receptor do water-soluble hormones use
membrane receptors
are water soluble hormones polar or nonpolar
polar
what can’t water soluble hormones diffuse through
membrane
in the signal transduction pathway what is the first messenger
hormone
what is first messenger
initiates events by binding to receptor
in the signal transduction pathway what does the binding of the first messenger (hormone) to receptor activate
binding activates G-protein
what is G-protein
internal membrane protein that binds a guanine nucleotide
what does the activation of the g-protein result in
binding of GTP instead of GDP
what membrane enzymes are activated because of g-protein activation
adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C
what does activated enzyme catalyzes
formation of second messenger
what is second messenger
chemical that modifies cellular activity
what action is possible of water soluble hormones because of different signal transduction pathways
multiple results ——
activation or inhibition of enzymatic pathways
growth through cellular division
release of cellular secretions
changes in membrane permeability
muscle contraction or relaxation
what happens to signal during intracellular enzyme cascade
signal is amplified at each enzymatic step
during intracellular enzyme cascade what are there many ways to do
regulate pathway activities
what can be signaled during intracellular enzyme cascade
pathway controls
