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Geography > Water Resources > Flashcards

Water Resources Flashcards

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1
Q

What is water useful for?

A

Survival

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2
Q

1)Water is present in ____
2) surface water is constituted by

A

All forms - liquid, solid, gas
Oceans, seas lakes, rivers, ponds

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3
Q

Groundwater found in

A

Found in pores of rocks under surface of earth

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4
Q

Solid → ?
Gas → ?

A

Ice caps , glaciers
Water vapour

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5
Q

Significance of water

A
  • Domestic purposes
  • irrigation - river and lake water
  • industries - cleaning and cooling agent
  • hydroelectricity
  • keep moderate climate
  • marine life
  • means of transport
  • plants and animals (body weight)
  • fresh water from water vapour
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6
Q

About ___ of earth surface is covered by water

A

One third ,but , only little can be used

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7
Q

97% → ? And why can’t it be used ?
2% → ?
1% →

A

Oceans and seas, saline water
Ice caps and glaciers
Fit for human use

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8
Q

Water → ____ resource

A

Renewable

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9
Q

Fresh water is distributed _____ and why?

A

Unevenly, climatic condition

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10
Q

When there is precipitation more then evaporation, there is — water and the climate is ____,
And vice verse

A

Excess, cold

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11
Q

Main source of fresh water is___
It accumulates as

A

Rain
Surface water in rivers and lakes

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12
Q

Surface water is extracted through ___ from ___

A

Rivers or canals, rivers and lakes

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13
Q

Rainwater also seeps into earth and par of it is stored as

A

Groundwater

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14
Q

___ and ___ are used to extract groundwater

A

Wells and tabes

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15
Q

The upper level of groundwater below the earth’s surface is know as

A

Water table

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16
Q

Water scarcity reasons

A

Increasing urbanisation
Change in consumption pattern
Modernisation of agricultural techniques

17
Q

Regions suffering most ( parts of Africa,Asia,America and Australia

A

Northern Africa
Central and west Asia
Parts of Central America
Central and Western Australia

18
Q

Reasons for scarcity ( 3 points )

A

Unequal distribution of rainfall
Poor and underdeveloped areas
Densely populated

19
Q

By 2025 , how many countries are about to face water shortage

A

65

20
Q

Some major contaminants

A

-Partially or untreated sewage
-Cleaning fluids
-Pesticides
-Chemical fertilisers
-Leakage from petrol and diesel tanks
-Industrial effluents

21
Q

Use of contaminated water cause diseases such as

A

-Typhoid
-cholera
-hepatitis
-dysentery
-diarrhoea

22
Q

Drinking water should be pure from harmful objects like

A

Bacteria
Parasites
Hydrocarbons
Lead
Salt
Iron

23
Q

State some disinfection and purification methods

A

Chlorination
Distillation
UV purification method
Boil water - most common way

24
Q

Multipurpose projects aim

A

Develop and utilise water resources
Aim at over all utilisation of rivers

25
Q

Benefits of multipurpose projects

A

One or more dams are constructed across a river to store water in reservoirs
Then the water is used for various purposes

26
Q

State some uses of water stored in dams

A

Irrigation
Flood control
Hydroelectricity
Inland navigation
Fish breeding
Afforestation
Recreation

27
Q

First multipurpose project

A

Tennessee valet authority in USA

28
Q

Some other multipurpose projects

A

Aswan in Egypt
Tarbela in Pakistan’s
Hoover and Coulie in USA
Volta in Ghana

29
Q

Name the oldest and biggest multiprocessor in India

A

Damodar valley project - oldest
Bhakra Nangal project - biggest ( 226m high )

30
Q

Name some factors that has contributed to depletion of water

A

Population growth
Deforestation
Construction of houses , roads and industries

31
Q

Name some methods for conservation of water

A

~afforestation
~Efficient irrigation methods
~Sprinklers
~Drip irrigation
~Recycling water
~Avoid wastage of water
~Rainwater harvesting

32
Q

What is drip irrigation

A

Underground pipes supply water to roots of plants

33
Q

Between the equator and 20°N and20°south latitude ——— is more than ———

A

Precipitation , evaporation

34
Q

Between 20° and 40° north and south latitudes , —— is more than —— . This has resulted in formation of

A

Evaporation , precipitation
Deserts in these regions

35
Q

Fresh water is distributed unevenly mainly due the the differences in

A

Climatic conditions

Geography (3 decks)

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