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Geography > Water Resources > Flashcards

Water Resources Flashcards

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1
Q

97 % of the earth’s water supply is in the _____

A

Ocean

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2
Q

Of the remaining 3 % , 2.3% is locked in _____, and the remaining .7% is _______

A

polar ice caps, freshwater

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3
Q

of the 0.7% of freshwater- 0.66% is _____ and 0.03% is ______

A

groundwater, surface water

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4
Q

Surface water is a result of : (2)

A
  1. Precipitation

2. Seepage from underground

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5
Q

water that gets collected under the surface of land is known as ____

A

Groundwater

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6
Q

An underground water stream that is saturated with water and transmits water readily is known as

A

aquifer

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7
Q

India has vast coastline with ____ coasts

A

Indented

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8
Q

Due to increase in _____. _____ and _______, demand for water has risen

A

Population, irrigation and industrialisation

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9
Q

_____ uses more than 90% of total freshwater

A

Irrigation

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10
Q

Major reasons why we need to conserve water

A
  1. Irrigation uses more than 90% of freshwater
  2. loss of vegetation - lowering water table
  3. overuse of groundwater - lowering water table
  4. Increase in population - water scarcity
  5. water resources - polluted
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11
Q

Collecting and storing rainwater

A

Rainwater harvesting

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12
Q

Central Govt. has started a watershed development for rural people called as :

A

Haryali

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13
Q

Management and conservation of both surface and groundwater resources

A

Watershed management

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14
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____- / ______ in Western Himalayas

A

Khatri/ Kuhl

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15
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____- / ______ in Gangetic plains

A

Baolis / Dighi

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16
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____ in Central India

A

Johads

17
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____ /_____ in the Deccan Plateau

A

Bhandaras/ Kere

18
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____ in Western Ghats

A

Surangam

19
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____ in Eastern Ghats

A

Korambu

20
Q

Storing mechanism is called _____ in Ladakh

A

Zing

21
Q

Why even Cherrapunji which receives the highest rainfall in the world faces water shortage?

A

bcoz in India, rain occurs for short period at very high intensity so all the water is washed away instead of recharging water table

22
Q

The four elements of water harvesting

A
  1. Catchments
  2. Conduits
  3. Storage facility
  4. Recharge Facility
23
Q

the surface which receives the rain directly

A

Catchments

24
Q

pipe that carries rainwater from catchment to harvesting system

A

Conduits

25
Q

Rainwater can be used in two ways:

A
  1. Stored for ready use in containers

2. Recharge the groundwater

26
Q

____ is a water harvesting mechanism in which water falling on the roof is diverted via conduits to storage container

A

Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

27
Q

To prevent debris from entering system, ____ is provided at the mouth of conduit.

A

Mesh filter

28
Q

If the stored water is to be used for drinking. ____ is provided

A

Sand filter

29
Q

watering agricultural plants through artificial means is called ___

A

Irrigation

30
Q

Avg annual rainfall in India Vs world

A

India - 1170mm

World- 800mm

31
Q

Percolation pits are also called as

A

Soakaway

32
Q

Reason why we need irrigation in India

A
  1. Uncertainty and Uneven distribution of rainfall
  2. Crop requirements
  3. Nature of the soil
  4. To utilise river water effectively
  5. Maximise production
33
Q

Three cropping seasons of India

A

Kharif, Rabi, Zayed

34
Q

Due to increasing population, farmers are forced to ___________________________ which requires irrigation

A

Grow two or three crops in a year

35
Q

if we use high amount of fertilisers , high_____ is needed for the plant which can be provided only by ____

A

moisture, irrigation

Geography (4 decks)

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