Natural vegetation Flashcards
What is natural vegetation?
plant cover that has not been disturbed over a long time and has grown without human interference
What is flora?
Plants of a particular region or period, listed as species and considered as a group
What is vegetation ?
assemblage of plant species living in association with each other
4 major types of vegetation
tundra, grasslands, scrubs, forests
What is forest
large tract of land covered with trees and accompanying undergrowth of shrubs,herbs
bamboo is used in manufacturing ______and bamboo pulp is used in manufacturing _______.
rayon, paper
natural sponge of the forest
Humus
functions of humus
- increases soil fertility
2. prevents evaporation of water
Tropical evergreen forests are also known as ________
tropical rainforests
Climatic conditions required for tropical rainforests
temp -> 25-27 celsius
rain- >250 cm
humidity- >77%
Distribution of tropical evergreen forest
- western slopes of Western Ghats
- hills of N-E
- Lakshadweep
- Andaman and Nicobar islands
- Tamil nadu coast
The trees of tropical evergreen forest reach heights or more than ___
60 m
Why does floor of tropical evergreen forest lack grass
Dense canopy of trees don’t allow sunlight to reach ground
the trees of tropical evergreen forest appear green all year round… why?
don’t have fixed time to shed their leaves
some trees which grow in tropical evergreen forest are:
Rosewood Ebony Mahogany Toon Telsur Sissoo Gurjan Chaplas
why is tropical evergreen forest not fully exploited?
- tangled mass of all kinds of trees .. no pure variety
2. lack of means of transport
Tropical deciduous forests are also known as _____
tropical monsoon forests
most commercially exploited forests of India
Tropical deciduous forests
most widespread forests in India
Tropical deciduous forests
two kinds of Tropical deciduous forests
moist and dry
Climatic conditions of moist deciduous forests
temp - 24 to 27 celsius
rain- 100 to 200 cm
humidity - 50 to 80%
distribution of moist deciduous forests
- foothills of Himalayas
- Eastern slopes of western Ghats
- N-E peninsula
commonly found trees of moist deciduous forests
Mulberry arjun sal mahua teak sandalwood palas shisham semul
pure variety of trees can be found in
deciduous forests
when do moist deciduous forests shed their leaves ?
6 to 8 weeks during spring and early summer when there is acute water shortage
climatic conditions of dry deciduous forests
temp—-> 23 to 27 celsius
rain——> 70 to 100 cm
humidity-> 51 to 58%
Dry deciduous forests thrive between _____________ in the east and ___________ in the west
moist deciduous forest, tropical thorn forest
distribution of dry deciduous forests
plains of Bihar and UP
during dry season.. how does dry deciduous forests look and why
they give a naked look of trees as they shed their leaves completely during dry season
common trees found in dry deciduous forests are:
bel khair axlewood amaltas tendu
tropical desert forests are also known as
tropical thorn forests
climatic conditions of tropical desert forests
temp - 25 to 27 celsius
rain- < 50 cm
humidity < 47%
distribution of tropical desert forests
S-W Punjab Haryana Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Gujarat
tropical desert forests have _____ vegetation
xerophytic
Due to paucity of rainfall, desert forest trees are _____ with large patches of _____ grass.
stunted, coarse
How do trees in desert forests adapt without enough water?
They have long tap roots that can reach very deep underground water
They have thorns
Acacia has a symbiotic relationship with ____
stinging ants
in _____ forests , plants remain leafless for most of the year and look like_____ vegetation
tropical desert forests , scrub
common trees found in tropical desert forests
babool acacia cacti ber date palm neem
littoral forests are also called
tidal forests
climatic conditions of littoral forests
temp - 26 to 29 celsius
rainfall - > 200 cm
distribution of littoral forests
saline swamps of Sunderbans in WB
coasts areas of AP and Odisha
littoral forests have mainly ____ species of varying density and height
evergreen
littoral forests have breathing roots called ____
pneumatophores
which forests have stilt like roots?
littoral forests
what is an adaptation of littoral forests for surviving in soft and shifting mud?
profuse(abundant) growth with tangle of climbers
common trees found in littoral forests are:
Sundari agar screw pines canes and palms amur keora rhizophora
______ have been named after the tree Sundari
Sunderbans
palas tree use
rears shellac worms
rosewood tree use
decorative wood for carving , making furniture and floorboards
Date palm is used an an _____ , as a _______
astringent, decoction
ebony tree use
ornamental carving and for decoration, piano keys, musical instruments, sports goods
teak tree use
construction purpose and shipbuilding, furniture. railway carriages
sandalwood tree use
statues
oil
sal
railway sleepers
beams
sundari
Boat making
Ber
pickle
neem and babool
medicinal purpose
climatic conditions of mountain forests
temp - 12 to 13 celsius
rain - 100 to 300 cm
humidity - 56-65%
distribution of mountain forests
HImalayas
nilgiris
Western ghats
Vindhyas
trees in mountain forests
wattle walnut chestnut oak spruce pine deodar jamun birch
social forestry
management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands with the purpose of helping in the environmental,social and rural development
farm forestry
growing trees on farm land`
reforestation
re establishing forest by planting trees in an area where forests have been removed
social forestry is also called as
Van Mahotsava
in thorn forests…. leaves are modified into ____ and the roots are very ____
spines, long
Forest found in deltas
Littoral forests
Tidal forests are also known as
Mangrove forests
