Water On Land

Question 1

Drainage basin systems

Answer 1

Watershed-Edge of highland surrounding a drainage basin

Source-Start of a river

Tributary-Smaller river which joins a larger river

Confluence-The point at which two rivers meet

Mouth-Point where river meets see

Question 2

Floodplain formation

Answer 2

Wide valley floor on either side of river which sometimes gets flooded
When a river floods onto floodplain water slows down and deposits eroded material

Question 3

Levees formation

Answer 3

Natural embankments along edge of a river channel

During flood heaviest material deposited closest to river channel because it gets dropped first

Question 4

How do waterfalls and gorges form

Answer 4

Hard rock on top of soft rock, soft rock erodes faster, causes undercutting, top layer becomes unstable and falls in forming plunge pool, more erosion continues to happen and cliff retreats forming gorge

Question 5

Physical causes of flooding

Answer 5

Prolonged rainfall
Snowmelt
Heavy rainfall
Relief-if a river is in a steep sided valley water will reach channel much faster

Question 6

Human causes of flooding

Answer 6

Deforestation

Urbanisation