Water + its importance

Question 1

Adhesion

Answer 1

Property of molecules binding to different substances.

Question 2

Cohesion

Answer 2

Property of molecules binding to same molecules.

Question 3

Crenation

Answer 3

Animal cell placed in high concentration solution and water leaves down conc. gradient by osmosis (cell shrivels).

Question 4

Cytolysis

Answer 4

Animal cell is placed in solution with low water potential causing water to move down water potential gradient into cell by osmosis and rupturing its cell surface membrane.

Question 5

Cytosol

Answer 5

Liquid component of cytoplasm in an intact cell.

Question 6

Dipole

Answer 6

Unequal distribution of charge in molecules.

Question 7

Electrolytes

Answer 7

Ions dissolved in water within the body.

Question 8

Extracellular

Answer 8

Found outside of cells.

Question 9

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 9

Weak electrostatic attraction between partially positive + negative charged atoms in polar molecules.

Question 10

Incipient plasmolysis

Answer 10

Water leaving a plant cell by osmosis, shrinks protoplast, so no longer exerts pressure on cell wall.

Question 11

Intracellular

Answer 11

Found within a cell.

Question 12

Latent heat of evaporation

Answer 12

Heat required to enable a molecule to separate from other molecules around it.

Question 13

Lymph

Answer 13

Name given to tissue fluid collected in lymph vessel.

Question 14

Osmosis

Answer 14

Specialised form of diffusion where water molecules move from area of high to low water potential- down water potential gradient- through partially permeable membrane.

Question 15

Phloem

Answer 15

Tissue in plants used to transport dissolved sugars.

Question 16

Plasma

Answer 16

Liquid part of blood.

Question 17

Plasmolysis

Answer 17

Water leaved plant cell by osmosis causing volume of cytoplasm and central vacuole to decrease, so pulling protoplast away from cell wall.

Question 18

Polar

Answer 18

Hydrophilic molecule with unequal charge distribution.

Question 19

Protoplast

Answer 19

Cell contents inside plasma membrane.

Question 20

Serum

Answer 20

Blood plasma, with clotting factors removed.

Question 21

Solute

Answer 21

Any substances dissolved in a solvent.

Question 22

Solution

Answer 22

Produced when solute is dissolved in solvent.

Question 23

Solvent

Answer 23

Liquid that dissolves solutes.

Question 24

Specific heat capacity

Answer 24

Energy to make substance change temperature.

Question 25

Tissue fluid

Answer 25

Formed by hydrostatic pressure at arteriole end of capillaries forcing fluid out the plasmid into space.

Question 26

Tonoplast

Answer 26

The membranes surrounding vacuole in plant cell.

Question 27

Turgid

Answer 27

Plant cell is placed in solution of low water potential and water enters by osmosis that protoplasts increase volume pushing cell wall.

Question 28

Urine

Answer 28

Bodily liquid which is end product of filtration and reabsorption. Contains high conc. urea and other toxic substances.

Question 29

Water Potential

Answer 29

Describes combined effect of solute conc. and pressure in solution affecting tendency for water molecules to move across cell surface membrane. Always negative value measured in kPa.