Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Geography > Water EQ1 > Flashcards

Water EQ1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

define a store

A

stocks of water, places where water is held

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define a flux

A

measurement of the rate of flow between stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define a process

A

the physical factors which drive the fluxes of water between stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what kind of system is the hydrological cycle

A

closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what forces drive the hydrological cycle

A

solar energy and gravitational potential energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define cryosphere

A

frozen water in the hydrological system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define blue water

A

freshwater stores in rivers, streams and lakes- visible componant in cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

define green water

A

freshwater stored in soil and vegetation- invisible componant of cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the main stores of water in order of percentage content

A

oceans (96%)
ice caps and glaciers (2%)
groundwater (1%)
rivers and lakes (0.01%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the composition of freshwater stores

A

Ice caps and glaciers (69%)
groundwater (30%)
rivers and lakes (1%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

define residence time

A

the average time a water molecule will spend in a store or reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which type of store has the longest residence time

A

ice caps- 15 000 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which type of store has the shortest residence time

A

atmospheric moisture- 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

define drainage basin

A

a subsystem within the hydrological cycle. it is an open system with inputs and outputs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does climate effect the drainage basin cycle

A

influences the type of precipitation and the amount of precipitation overall and the amount of evaporation. climate can also in some locations have an impact on vegetation type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how soil effects the drainage basin cycle

A

soil determine the amount of infiltration and throughflow and type of vegetation

17
Q

how geology effects the drainage basin cycle

A

impacts subsufrace processes like percolation and groundwater flow as well as soil formations

18
Q

how relief effects the drainage basin cycle

A

impact amount of precipitation and runoff

19
Q

how vegetation effects the drainage basin cycle

A

presence or absense of precipitation has major impact on infiltration, interception and occurrence ofoverland flow as well as transpiration rates

20
Q

human factors affecting the drainage basin cycle

A 
deforestation
abstraction
construction of dams
river defences 
overpopulation
pollution (industial and agricultural)
global warming
unbanisation
21
Q

define water budget

A

annual balance between input and output

22
Q

equation to calculate water budget

A

precipitation= streamflow + evapotranspiration +/- changes in store

23
Q

define river regime

A

annuel variation in discharge or flow of a river

24
Q

major factors effecting regime of a river

A 
drainage basin area
maximum altitude
variation in altitude
geology
mean annual precipitation
mean discharge
main land use
25
Q

define simple regime

A

a river which experiences periods of seasonally high and low discharge contained within one climactic zone and relief

26
Q

define complex regime

A

larger rivers cross several different relief and climactic zones and therefore experience the effects of different seasonal climactic events

27
Q

define antecedent conditions

A

ground conditions before a storm eg) dry or already saturated

28
Q

Define vegetation storage

A

Moisture taken up by vegetation and held within plants

29
Q

Define surface storage

A

Surface water in lakes, rivers and ponds

30
Q

Define groundwater storage

A

Water held within permeable rocks, also known as aquifers

31
Q

Define channel storage

A

Water held in rivers and streams

32
Q

Define infiltration

A

Water entering the top soil, most common in slow or steady rainfall

33
Q

Define through-flow

A

Also known as interflow, water seeping laterally through the soil below the surface but above the water table

34
Q

Define percolation

A

The downward seepage of water through rock due to gravity, usually in permeable rocks

35
Q

Define stem flow

A

Water flowing down plant stems or drainpipes

36
Q

Define base flow

A

Also known as groundwater flow, slow moving water seeping into a channel

37
Q

Define channel flow

A

The volume of water flowing within a river channel

38
Q

Define surface runoff

A

Also called overland flow. Flow over the surface during intense storms or when the ground is frozen, saturated or impermeable

39
Q

Define river discharge

A

The volume of water passing a certain point in the channel over a certain amount of time

Physical Geography (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions