Water Cycle And Water Insecurity Flashcards
What is a store?
Where water is stored for periods of time.
Eg: river, glacier
What is blue water?
Visible parts of the cycle
Eg: rivers, lakes
What is green water?
Water stored in vegetation + soil, generally seen as invisible.
(extra: grey water = brackish (swamps) t polluted water
Conventional rainfall
Common in tropical areas & UK in summer.
- land becomes hot
- air above becomes warmer, expands + rises
- as it rises, it cools + condenses, eventually falling as rain
Cyclonic rainfall
Cold and warm front meet
- Warm air is lighter & less dense than cold air
- forced to rise over cold, denser air
- rises + cools + can no longer hold water vapour so condenses + forms rain
Orographic rainfall
- When air is forced to rise over barrier (eg mountain) it cools and condenses
- forms clouds and rains
- leeward side (downwind) receives relatively less rainfall (rain shadow)
Sheffield is an example: less rain but colder and more snow (this is due to getting wind from Siberia)
Precipitation
Any source of moisture reaching the ground
Eg- rain, snow, frost
Interception
Water being prevented from reaching the surface
Eg by trees and grass
Surface storage
Water held on the ground surface
Eg- puddles
Infiltration
Water sinking into the soil/rock from ground surface
Percolation
Water seeping deeper below the surface
Through rocks or material deep under ground into aquifers
Soil moisture
Water held in the soil layer
Groundwater
Water stored in the rock deep underground.
Transpiration
Water lost through pores in vegetation
Evaporation
Water lost from ground/vegetation surface
Heats up
