Tectonics

Question 1

Basaltic lava

Answer 1

Basic magma
Very hot
Iron rich
Silica poor
Low gas content, runny lav
Can erupt almost continuously
Not explosive

Question 2

Andesitc lava

Answer 2

Intermediate
Hot
Iron poor
Silica rich
Sticky, can take decades/centuries between eruptions
Very explosive

Question 3

Rhyolitc

Answer 3

Cooler lava
Iron poor
Silica very rich
High silica + low temperature = very high gas content
Erupt rarely but devastating

Question 4

What is forecasting

Answer 4

When, where, likely magnitude
Limited to return periods
Hazard profiles
Past experience

Question 5

What is prediction

Answer 5

Where hazard may occur - EQ only occur on plate boundaries, spatially only, seismic gap theory
Tsunamis partially predicted - seismometers locate, ocean monitoring equipment detects

Question 6

Seismic gap theory

Answer 6

Based on the assumption that all parts of fault will eventually move
Means area that hasn’t had any seismic actuivity in a while will be next

Question 7

Hazard management cycles

Answer 7

Response, Recovery, Prevention = Mitigation, Preparation ~ everything important
Important because…
Saves lives and allows countries to have a plan so they can cope, adapt and recover from natural hazards. Gives people increased awareness so they know what to do. Decreases vulnerability due to good management/governance.

Question 8

Mitigation

Answer 8

Actions and interventions that a community can use to help reduce vulnerability in advance of a tectonic hazard

Question 9

Apadtation

Answer 9

Ways in which communities may be able to live with a tectonic hazard by making adjustments to gecko communities reduce risk