Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography A level Physical > Water Cycle > Flashcards

Water Cycle Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Define a system

A
  • A system has stores with transfers between them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of systems?

A
  • Open systems (linked to other systems)
  • Closed systems (self contained)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an example of a closed system?

A
  • Our planet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an example of a open system?

A
  • All of the ‘spheres’ as energy and mass are transfered between them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

State the inputs for a ‘garden pond’?

A
  • Precipitation
  • Leaf fall during autumn
  • Seeds carried by wind
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State the stores for a ‘garden pond’?

A
  • Water
  • Soil
  • Plants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

State the transfers for a ‘garden pond’?

A
  • Photosynthesis
  • Infiltration
  • Transpiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

State the outputs for a ‘garden pond’?

A
  • Evaporation
  • Seed dispersal
  • Water soaking through soil and rocks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two types of feedback?

A
  • Positive feedback
  • Negative feedback
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define positive feedback

A
  • A cyclical sequence of events that amplifies or increases change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define negative feedback

A
  • A cyclical sequence of events which damps down or neutralises the effects of a system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does a negative feedback loop promote?

A
  • It promotes a state of dynamic equilibrium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the two types of permeability?

A
  • Primary (Goes between rocks)
  • Secondary (porus rocks) (Goes through the rocks)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

State the water cycle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is trunk trickle?

A
  • Water flowing down tree trunks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is topography?

A
  • The layout of the land
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the five ‘spheres’?

A
  1. Lithosphere
  2. Hydrosphere
  3. Cryosphere
  4. Atmosphere
  5. Biosphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the lithosphere?

A
  • The crust and mantle
19
Q

What is the hydrosphere?

A
  • All of the water on earth
20
Q

What is the cryosphere?

A
  • A subset of the hydrosphere, all parts where its cold enough to freeze water
21
Q

What is the atmosphere?

A
  • Gas between earths surface and space
22
Q

What is the biosphere?

A
  • Where all living things are found
23
Q

Finish the line…

All of the above are subsystems…

A

… which are interlinked by cycles and processes that keep earth running as normal

24
Q

What moves between subsystems?

A
  • Matter
  • Energy
25
Q

What happens if there are changes in one subsystem?

A
  • Affects what happens in others
26
Q

What is the global distribution of water?

A
  • 96.6% of global water is oceans
  • 2.5% of global water is ‘fresh water’
  • Most fresh water is stored in glaciers
27
Q

Define soil moisture budget?

A
  • The balance between water inputs and water outputs
28
Q

Learn this graph on soil moisture budgets?

A
29
Q

What factors influence how water flows within a drainage basin?

A
  • Vegetation and land use
  • Soil type and depth
  • Type of rock
  • Rainfall
  • Shape of the land
  • Climate
  • Conditions in drainage basin
  • Size and shape of river basin
30
Q

What is interception?

A
  • Rain being caught by e.g trees
31
Q

What is infiltration?

A
  • Water on surface entering the soil
32
Q

What is percolation?

A
  • The gravity flow of water within the soil
33
Q

What is surface runoff?

A
  • Water which flows over the land surface
34
Q

What is throughflow?

A
  • The sporadic horizontal flow of water within the soil. It normally takes place when soil is completly saturated.
35
Q

What is groundwater flow?

A
  • The deeper movement of water through permeable rock below the water table.
36
Q

What is transpiration?

A
  • Where moisture is brought through plants from their roots to the tiny pores called stomata. Water is transformed into gas and released into atmosphere.
37
Q

What is evapotranspiration?

A
  • The sum of evaporation and transpiration
38
Q

What factors affect hydrographs?

A
  • Precipitation / Heavy rainfall
  • Tree lined river banks
  • Size and shape of drainage basin
  • Rock type (permeable or impermeable)
  • Saturated soil
  • Steep or shallow sloping river course
  • Urban or rural
39
Q

What are some physical causes of flooding?

A
  • Rock type
  • Topography
  • Precipitation
  • Permeable or impermeable
  • Vegetation
  • Shape of basin
40
Q

What are some human causes of flooding?

A
  • Infrastructure
  • Quality of drainage systems
  • Built up impermeable surfaces
41
Q

State some facts for ‘Gatwick Flood Defence’ case study

A
  • Gatwick stream flood alleviation is where water floods instead of south terminal
  • Biodiversity is importat so oaktrees kept to allow bats to live there
  • Meanders were created to increase capacity of river and take river on more natural course
  • 186000 m3 of flood storage avalible
42
Q

What does antecedant conditions mean?

A
  • Ground is saturated
43
Q

What are the three types of flooding?

A
  • Fluvial: Water level overflows banks
  • Pluvial: Independant of overflowing water body
  • Groundwater flooding: Hydro static pressure

Geography A level Physical (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions