water balance and soil moisture budgets

Question 1

what is water surplus

Answer 1

excess of water, when the soil is fully saturated additional precipitation will lead to flooding

Question 2

what can water surplus cause

Answer 2

can result in surface runoff and river discharge which leads to flooding

Question 3

water deficient definition

Answer 3

theres less water in a system, evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation and soil moisture

Question 4

what can water deficient lead to

Answer 4

falling river levels and water stress, irrigation may be needed

Question 5

whats recharge

Answer 5

when the soil moisture is replenished by rain after a dry period. soil moisture levels must be maintained

Question 6

field capacity

Answer 6

max water that soil can hold before it becomes saturated

Question 7

the process that plants use the availible soil moisture. plants draw the moisture to meet their needs

Answer 7

utilisation

Question 8

what does utilisation help to do

Answer 8

manage irrigation schedules

Question 9

whats water balance

Answer 9

balance between inputs and outputs within a drainage basin

Question 10

what is the water balance for

Answer 10

to plan future water supply and flood control

Question 11

whats a river regime

Answer 11

rivers have a regime that they follow some months may be higher than others

Question 12

what does the water balance do in regard to river regimes

Answer 12

it looks at how the amount of precipitation compares with the water leaving the system through runoff