processes in the water cycle

Question 1

What is the hydrosphere

Answer 1

Its the liquid on the earth e.g. lakes and ocean

Question 2

Explain the Cryosphere

Answer 2

The frozen areas e.g. glaciers and ice sheets

Question 3

Lithosphere explanation

Answer 3

Water stored in rocks e.g. aquifers

Question 4

What is the atmosphere

Answer 4

water stored in the air e.g. water vapour and clouds

Question 5

What are the percentages of each of the stores

Answer 5

hydrosphere is 96.5
cryosphere is 1.7
lithosphere is 1.7
atmosphere is 0.001

Question 6

whats an example of a surface store

Answer 6

water in lakes and river channels

Question 7

Groundwater example

Answer 7

water stored within porous rock underground

Question 8

what is the water table

Answer 8

its the upper level of saturated rock

Question 9

examples of interception

Answer 9

leaves, stems, trunks can temporally hold water

Question 10

what is it called when vegetation takes up water through the root system

Answer 10

absorption

Question 11

define precipitation

Answer 11

water falling from the atmosphere to the surface e.g. rain, sleet, snow

Question 12

define evaporation

Answer 12

sun heats the surface of water (river) change it from water to water vapour

Question 13

define transpiration

Answer 13

waters released from plants into the air

Question 14

condensation definition

Answer 14

water vapour cools in the air at dew point and changes to liquid this leads to cloud formation

Question 15

name more than 5 transfers

Answer 15

surface runoff
infiltration
percolation
throughflow
groundwater flow
stem flow
channel flow

Question 16

what’s infiltration

Answer 16

the downward movement of water into the soil

Question 17

what can affect infiltration

Answer 17

vegetation
soil type
land use

Question 18

percolation definition

Answer 18

downward movement of water through rocks

Question 19

what’s throughflow

Answer 19

horizontal movement of water through soi to return to the river

Question 20

stem flow definition

Answer 20

water dripping from leaves or down stems or trunks to reach the ground

Question 21

what is channel flow influenced by

Answer 21

gravity, gradient, shape, roughness

Question 22

how does relief rainfall occur
(include leeward and windward side)

Answer 22

when moist air is forced to rise over a mountain range
as it ascends it cools and condenses to form clouds resulting in rain for the windward side. it will be very heavy rainfall. but the leeward side will remain dry

Question 23

convectional rainfall definition

Answer 23

as the ground is heated, warm air rises. after it rises it cools and condenses to form clouds. which leads to heavy rain.

Question 24

where are convectional rainfall common

Answer 24

in tropical regions in summer

Question 25

what's frontal rainfall

Answer 25

when 2 air masses with different temperatures meet. the warmer less dense cloud rises over the cool denser air. as the warm air rises it cools to forma cloud leading to rain.