WATER AND SODIUM Flashcards
Total body volume________which is _____ of our body weight
40L , 60%
_____comes from the intracellular fluid volume, or _____ of our body weight
25 L, or 40%
______comes from extracellular fluid volume, or ____ of our body weight
15 L, 20%
Give me two extracellular fluid volume
Interstitial fluid volume
Plasma volume
The interstitial fluid volume which comprises ____ or ___ of the ECF volume
12 L, 80%
The plasma volume holds little weight comprising _______ or _____ of ECF
3L, 20%
Refers to the water or fluid that is outside the cells but within the tissues
Interstitial fluid volume
Remaining 3L present in blood vessels
Plasma volume
_____ is the major extracellular cation - among the electrolytes found outside the cells
Sodium
Is the major extracellular anion
Chloride
______ is the major intracellular cation - it has the largest concentration in the cells
Potassium
______ is the major intracellular anion
Phosphate
_____is outside of the cell and ______ is inside the cell
Sodium and Potassium
Concentration of ions is maintained by:
Active transport and diffusion
Requires energy to move ions across the cellular membranes
Molecules move against the concentration gradient
Active transport
Example of active transport
ATPase-dependent Na K ion pumps
In active transport the ions will bind to carrier proteins and carrier proteins will use of _____ in order to allow substance inside and outside the cell
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
In the case of sodium, if it needs to go outside of the cell, the ______ is a good example of active transport
Sodium-potassium pump
For every 3 ions of sodium needed to go outside of the cell there is corresponding entry of ______
2 potassium ions from plasma
If sodium is inside the cell the body will _______if we cannot have _____
The body cannot monitor if we don’t have sodium
_______ is the major contributor of osmolality in the body
Sodium
_______ will be the major indicator if blood volume, plasma volume blood pressure
Sodium
There has to be greater volume of sodium outside the cell because this is where our __________ and ______ depend too
Thirst mechanism will depend and our antidiuretic hormone
If sodium is found outside it will be easily detected by the _________ inside the body
Osmoreceptor
If cells only depend on diffusion it will also lead to ________ and ________ we will have immediate _______ since sodium is equally distributed inside and outside of the cell which should not be allowed
This is regulated by the _______ which needs energy utilization
Poor blood volume and blood pressure regulation
Will have immediate - high blood
Sodium-potassium pump
Passive movement of ions across a membrane
Diffusion
Depends on size and charge of ion;
Molecules move along the concentration gradient
Diffusion
Whichever side has many molecules this will give up the excess molecules to the side which has lesser molecules in order to reach a _____
BALANCE
For example the if the sodium content inside the cell is 70 and outside is 30
_____ of the sodium will go out of the cell so both of them are _____
This satisfies the target of diffusion
20 and 50
Diffusion
What is the target of diffusion?
In the case of diffusion its target is to balance the concentration of a substance inside and outside the cell
What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
Simple diffusion
Molecules goes eaily to cell membranes
Facilitated diffusion
The molecules will make use of a protein to be eliminated outside of the cell/to enter the cell
Molecules goes easily through the cell membrane
Molecule is transported with the use of a channel protein
Simple diffusion
