Water and pH Flashcards
what can biomolecules be classed as, describe them
- Hydrophilic
- Hydrophobic
- Amphipathic
Hydrophilic, molecules are water loving and able to dissolve in water. all hydrophilic molecules are polar such as sugars, alcohol, ketones
water forms a screen around charged particles, this keeps the ions in the solution once dissolved
Hydrophobic, molecules that are water hating they unable to dissolve in water but able to dissolve in lipids. in water hydrophobic molecules bunch together to reduce contact with water this is know as the hydrophobic effect, eg lipids, oxygen, steroid hormones
triglyceride lipids are non-polar and therefore hydrophobic
Amphipathic molecules, molecules that contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts, lots of proteins are amphipathic
on a protein,
the hydrophobic regions are on the inside of the chain
hydrophilic regions are on the outside of the chain
what is the difference between liposomes and micelle
when you put phospholipids in water, a sphere forms with a lipid bilayer and a hollow core.
micelle creates a single layer of phospholipids with no core
both are used as drug delivery systems
how are lipids transported in the body
they are transported in the blood in a chylomicron.
chylomicron is like a liposome with protein embedded in the shell. lipids are stored in the core.
the phospholipid heads and outer edges of the chylomicron are hydrophilic, which is essential to allow it to go through the aqueous nature of the plasma of the blood
what is meant by Buffer and why are they important in the body
Blood pH, normal range is 7.35-7.45,
anything below is acidosis
anything above is alkalosis
buffers are are solutions resistant to change in pH
in the cytoplasm of all cells the phosphate buffer system is important
in the plasma the bicarbonate buffer system is important
- refer to pH and water slide 25
the bicarbonate buffer system is used by two organ systems,
- Lungs
- Kidney
