Water and Fluid Balance

Question 1

Signs of dehydration in infant

Answer 1

Sunken fontanels, sunken eyes , lethargy

Question 2

What is diffusion ?

Answer 2

movement of particles down a concentration gradient

Question 3

The concentration gradient

Answer 3

is the difference between the high and low concentration areas

Question 4

What does diffusion depend on ?

Answer 4

Concentration gradient
membrane permeability
particle size
electrical potential across the membrane

Question 5

Remember what cations and anions are

Answer 5

cations (+)

anions (-)

Question 6

Fluid and electrolyte alterations can be treated with

Answer 6

IV solutions

Question 7

Two main groups of IV solutions

Answer 7

Colloids and Crystalloids

Question 8

Isotonic solutions have similar

Answer 8

solute concentration with plasma

Question 9

Different isotonic solutions

Answer 9

Dextrose in water - D5W, Normal Saline, Lactated Ringer

Question 10

Once you are giving fluids, you are always monitoring your

Answer 10

Intake and Output

Question 11

Signs of Hypovolemia

Answer 11

Increased thirst
dry mouth and swollen tongue 
weakness
dizziness
palpitations (feeling that the heart is jumping or pounding) 
confusion
sluggishness feeling

Question 12

Isotonic Fluid Excess is also known as

Answer 12

Hypervolemia

Question 13

A bolus

Answer 13

is fluid given over a short amount of time, like 30 minutes. It is a higher amount than what a normal person could tolerate. Receiver could have trauma that necessitates a large amount of fluid intake

Question 14

Deficits or excess of electrolytes are shown in

Answer 14

serum labs values

Question 15

Potassium is _______________.

what is the normal range?

Answer 15

tightly regulated.

3.5-5 mEq/L

Question 16

Elimination of Potassium is done through the

Answer 16

GI tract (stool, emesis (vomiting) )
Skin (Sweat)
90% is by the kidneys

Question 17

Hypocalcemia

Answer 17

deficit of calcium in the ECF

Question 18

ROME

Answer 18

Respiratory opposite Metabolic Equal

Question 19

What sort environment does consuming excessive amounts of pure water create in the body fluid that surrounds your cells? What effect would this have on your cells ?

Answer 19

Hypotonic