Water and development Flashcards
Give four reasons why global water consumption has increased?
NIC’s particularly in Asian countries have increased their water use as their industries are developing, Higher needs of people in HIC’s for showering, cooking, clothes washing, Increase in global population so more water needed to grow food, HIC’s using water in non essential ways e.g swimming pools, golf courses.
In Sub-Saharan Africa who mostly collects water?
Women and Girls
What is a water footprint?
Direct water use + Indirect water use
What is embedded water?
Water that is used to produce our food and goods.
What is water security?
Amount of acceptably clean water within a country to meet all of its needs.
What is water scarcity?
when water is available however it is inaccessible or unusable.
How do Dams and Reservoirs help us to manage water?
Collect water and manages its release it can also create hydroelectric power.
Name one water transfer scheme you have studied.
Lesotho Highlands Water Project
Give 3 advantages of the water transfer scheme you have studied (Lesotho Highlands Water Project) .
Roads have been constructed, 1000 megawatts of electricity for Lesotho generated, 20,000 jobs were created .
Give 3 disadvantages of the water transfer scheme you have studied (Lesotho Highlands Water Project)
Farmland flooded to create reservoirs, Complaints over poor compensation given to land owners, workers moved to shanty towns on the construction sites - Alcoholism and HIV/AIDs became big problems.
What does a desalinisation plant do?
Removes salt from sea water.
How do LIC’s abstract water from the ground?
Wells, Water Pumps.
Give 4 ways individuals and companies can conserve water
Thames water provides shower save and a water efficient shower head, you can use grey water on gardens, dual flush toilets
What NGO (Non-Governmental organisation) helps the people of Malawi manage their water supply?
WaterAid
What type of development approach does this NGO do?
Bottom up development approach
How is the Mekong River in Vietnam managed politically to ensure water supply to its surrounding countries?
The countries along the Mekong river work together by discussions, and building dams collaboratively with China
What are aquifers?
Rocks in the ground that are capable of holding large quantities of water.
What is recharge?
Water that enters an aquifer and refills a groundwater store.
Why is so much water abstracted in India?
1) Seasonal rainfall pattern means that states in the NW e.g Gujarat have a long dry season so surface stores can be dry for months.
2) Groundwater is considered cleaner than surface stores that are polluted by human waste.
3) Government has encouraged farmers to grow more food these crops require more water.
4) Aquifers are not fully recharged as the monsoon season is unpredictable.
5) Farmers drilling deep wells to install pumps to abstract water.
