Water And Carbon Cycles In The Amazon Rainforest Flashcards
What area does the Amazon rainforest cover?
6million sq km
Average temperature
25-30 degrees C
Annual rainfall
Over 2000mm
What % of precipitation is sent to the atmosphere straight away through evapotranspiration?
50-60%
NPP?
2500g/m sq/year
How much carbon is stored in the biomass?
400-700 tonnes/ha
How much carbon is stored in the soil?
90-200tonnes/ha
How much carbon is absorbed by the rainforest from the atmosphere through photosynthesis in a year?
2.4billion tonnes
How much carbon is released back to the atmosphere through decomposition and respiration?
1.7billion tonnes per year
Name three physical factors that affect the water cycle in the Amazon
Temperature,geology and relief
Name 4 physical factors that affect the carbon cycle in the Amazon
Temperature, vegetation, organic matter in the soil,mineral compsition in the rocks
What type of rocks are large parts of the Amazon basin made up of?
Crystalline impermeable rocks
What is the mountain range called to the west of the Amazon rainforest?
Andres
1970-2013 average area deforested per year?
17,500km sq
What proportion of primary forest has been destroyed?
1/5
Name a drainage basin that flooded
Porto Velho
How many meters above normal did the river reach?
19.68m
How many people died?
60
What was the area of Bolivian rainforest that was cleared that triggered these floods?
30,000 sq km
Carbon biomass of grasslands
16.2 tonnes/ha
Brazil is commited to restoring what area of forest by 2030?
120,000km sq
By 2015 what % of Brazilian rainforest was protected thorough national parks, wildlife reserves and indigenous reserves?
44%
Name a reforested project
Parica project In Rondonia
How many fast growing tropical hardwood seedings were planted to develop a commercial sustainability managed timber plantation?
20million
Name an indigenous group who plant seedlings in deforestated land where they live
Surui
What is the REDD scheme and who runs it?
Reducing Emissions from deforestation and Degration scheme run by the UN.
The Surui gained carbon credits for this and sold then to Natura, a cosmetics TNC. This allows me them to make money from restoring the rainforest.
Name two ways we can improve farming techniques in the rainforest
Diversification (e.g. Rearing live stock and growing crops on the same farms. And use of dark soils (human engineering soils )
