water and carbok 1

Question 1

Input water cycle

Answer 1

rainfall

Question 2

input carbon cycle

Answer 2

rainfall with dissolved CO2 in it

Question 3

output water cycle

Answer 3

River flowing into sea - moving from one system to another

Question 4

output carbon cycle

Answer 4

Carbon leaving the woodland

Question 5

energy water cycle

Answer 5

Linked to the changes in the state of water (frozen to water, water to frozen, water to water vapour, water vapour to water)

Question 6

energy carbon cycle

Answer 6

Photosynthesis - chlorophyll in leaves uses sun’s energy

Question 7

water cycle stores

Answer 7

Lakes
Soil - puddles on side of river
Trees

Question 8

carbon cycle stores

Answer 8

Trees
Soil

Question 9

water cycle flows

Answer 9

Vegetation - uptake of water from roots
The flow of rivers through system and tributaries
Evaporation

Question 10

carbon cycle flows

Answer 10

Water moving dissolved CO2 out - river
Absorption
Roots take up carbon from water
Burning

Question 11

positive feedback example water cycle

Answer 11

Increasing temperatures, melting ice glaciers, extra water frozen stored up in mountains comes down mountain and through river basin into sea, sea-level rise, destabilises ice shelves in Antarctica, they melt and sea level rises

Question 12

positive feedback example carbon cycle

Answer 12

Permafrost accounts for nearly half of all organic carbon stored within the planet’s soil. As long as this organic matter remains frozen, it will stay trapped in the permafrost.
However, if it thaws, microbes will begin to eat the material, causing it to decay and releasing carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere.Greenhouse gases are released, intensify global climate change. Hotter temperatures thaw more frozen organic matter.

Question 13

negative feedback example water cycle

Answer 13

Increase in temperatures, increase in evaporation, leads to more cloud cover, clouds reflect radiation from sun away from earth resulting in a cooling effect of surface temperatures, returning to a dynamic equilibrium, neutralising initial increase in temperature

Question 14

negative feedback example carbon cycle

Answer 14

Increased temperatures encourage plant growth and there is more absorption of carbon dioxide meaning less greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere, slowing down rising temperatures

Question 15

where can you find a dynamic equilibrium in the water cycle?

Answer 15

Unaffected drainage basins in remote areas where there has been no human activity

Question 16

where can you find a dynamic equilibrium in the carbon cycle?

Answer 16

Rarely seen - only in remote areas where there has been no significant human or natural impact

Question 17

what type of system is the global water cycle?

Answer 17

closed

Question 18

what is meant by a closed system?

Answer 18

This means that water is not lost or gained from the water cycle and there are no inputs or outputs to the global carbon cycle

Question 19

what type of system is the local water cycle?

Answer 19

At a local scale, such as a river drainage basin, it is an open System with inputs and outputs

Question 20

what type of system is the global carbon cycle?

Answer 20

closed - no inputs or outputs as a whole

Question 21

what type of system is the local carbon cycle?

Answer 21

for example forests: inputs and outputs

Question 22

importance of the water cycle

Answer 22

• The cycling of water has obvious and significant implications for the health and prosperity of society.
• The availability and quantity of water is vital to life on earth and helps to tie together the earth’s lands, oceans and atmosphere into an integrated physical system.

Question 23

importance of the carbon cycle

Answer 23

• Carbon is everywhere; in the oceans, in rocks and soils, in all forms of life and in our atmosphere.
• The well-being and functioning of our planet depends on carbon and how it cycles through the Earth’s system