Water Flashcards
How do mines use water?
To cool people and machines and separate gold from rock.
Name two ways water is used to make electricity.
In a hydro electricity plant (water runs down from a high place and turns a turbine).
In a coal power station water is heated and the steam turns a turbine.
Is there more salty or fresh water on earth?
Salty (in the oceans)
Describe the water cycle
The sun heats the ocean which causes evaporation.
The water vapor condenses and forms clouds.
The clouds get heavy and start raining.
The rain falls on the land and creates streams which create rivers and run into lakes or back into the sea.
Name two ways you can get water up from under the ground.
Boreholes and wells.
Name two places where you can find fresh water.
Lakes,
Streams,
Rivers and
Wetlands.
How do factories pollute water?
Runoff from cleaning processes
Acid rain from the gasses released makes its way into rivers.
How do farms pollute water?
The chemicals they put on the plants pollute the water and the animal dung also pollutes the water.
Name 3 things you use water for at home.
Cooking Washing Cleaning the house Drinking Personal hygiene
Give 4 examples of what we use water for at home.
- Bath or shower
- Flush Toilet
- Brush Teeth
- Water garden
- Cooking
- Drinking water
Name and explain other uses of water:
- Farms - irrigation (water is taken from the river or dam)
- Factories - example 1 tyre uses 200 litres of water
- Making electricity - Power stations
- Mine - to cool the workers down and to get metal out of the rock
- Recreation - towns use water for parks, swimming pool and gardens
What two types of water are found on earth?
Salt and fresh water
How does water get underground?
A lot of rain soaks into the land and it is stored under ground.
What are wetlands?
When the underground water lever rises and reaches the earths surface.
Explain rivers and streams
A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, or lake. In some cases a river flows into the ground and become dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water. Small rivers can be referred as streams.
What is a lake?
A large natural area of water on the earths surface.
Why is it important for us to store water?
Not all areas have rain all year round so we store water for the dry times.
Name and explain 3 ways of storing water.
- Dam - A dam is a lake made by humans. Farmers make dams for when it is dry.
- Water tanks - rain water flows off the roof through pipes into a tank. People use it in homes when it is dry.
- Buckets and pots - Some people collect water from a river or communal tap. They use buckets and pots to store the water they collected.
Explain how water gets into our taps
The water travels through pipes from the reservoir.
Town water is stored in a reservoir.
What are the 3 stages of cleaning water at the water works?
- Settling tank
- Filter bed
- Chlorination tank
How is water stored in town?
Reservoir
How does water get polluted?
PEOPLE- washing clothes, pooh, , animals defecating,
FACTORY - uses water in production and the used water often has poison
FARM WASTE - artificial fertilizer is sprayed onto crops to kill insects and when it rains, the poison washes into the river
RUBBISH AND DETERGENTS
Explain sewage and recycling
Grey Water: Water from our bath, basin, washing machine is sent to the water works for purification
Black water: Water from the toilet is sent to the sewer and is put back into rivers and the sea
True or False:
Three quarters of Earth is covered by land.
False, three quarters of Earth is covered by water.
Name three places where water is used:
Farming,
Factories,
Mines,
Power stations and Gardens
Water is also used for recreational activities
Name the two types of water
Salt water and fresh water
Name two ways people pollute water
Factories empty waste into the oceans or rivers
People throw litter in rivers
People wash in rivers
People and animals go to the toilet in rivers
Pesticides from farms mix with rainwater
True or False:
Dirty water can not harm you.
False, dirty water can make you sick
What is a wetland?
Wetlands are places where the land is covered with shallow water. Reeds grow in them.
What is water called when it sinks into the ground?
Groundwater
What is a lake?
Lakes are natural pools of water with land all around them. Basically the opposite of islands.
What is a dam?
Dams are man-made walls built across the river to store water. They often let water fall from a height to make electricity.
How do we get groundwater from the ground?
Wells and boreholes
Describe the water cycle
- The Sun heats up the water
- The heat changes the water into water vapour
- The water vapour cools down to drops of water
- The drops of water form clouds
- The clouds rain into oceans, lakes and rivers
- The rainwater flows over the land to join rivers
Do you find fresh or salt water in the sea?
Salt water
Name three things we use water for
Drinking Washing clothes Washing hands Washing dishes Brushing teeth Bathing Cleaning Showering Cooking Art and Craft Flushing toilets
Name two places people collect fresh water
Rivers, dams, springs, boreholes and wells.
What is a reservoir?
A large tank in which clean water is stored.
What is it called when there is no water for a long time?
Drought
What is it called when there is too much water for a long time?
Flood!
What is a building where water is cleaned called?
A purification plant
