Farming

Question 1

What does the food you eat give to your body?

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

Define sources

Answer 2

The places, people or things from where something comes

Question 3

Name 4 different sources that food comes from

Answer 3

Animals
Plants
Fishing
Factories

Question 4

When food from plants or animals have been changed in some way, what is that food called?

Answer 4

Processed food

eg cooked carrots or boiled and mashed potatoes

Question 5

Name 5 different ways in which people get food.

Answer 5

Buy (from a shop of market)
Grow (in the garden)
Collect (eggs from a hen)
Farm (by growing food or keeping animals for food)
Fishing

Question 6

What are Subsistence farmers?

Answer 6

grow their own food and keep just enough animals to feed their families
(not enough to sell to factories, shops or markets)

Question 7

Describe a typical subsistence farm in South Africa

Answer 7

A small farm.
The farmers are often women and their children help them while the husbands and fathers work in the town or the city.
They do not have tractors or ploughs or a sprinkler system, but do all the work with their hands - using spades, forks, hoes and buckets for water.
There may be a few veggies, a cow or goat for milk and meat, and chickens for eggs and meat.

Question 8

Subsistence workers have many problems. Can you name some?

Answer 8

Money (to buy seeds and fertiliser, to help sick animals get better)
Locusts that come and eat the crops
Not enough rain for the crops to grow

Question 9

Name the different groups of food crops that grow in SA, and where they come from (Study the map and questions on pg 57. Revise provinces on pg 41.)

Answer 9

Deciduous fruit (apples, pears, peaches, apricots)
Mainly Western Cape, Northern Cape 

Sugar cane (Kwa-Zulu Natal),
Wheat (Western Cape, Free State, Eastern Cape),
Maize (Northern Free State)
Rooibos tea (Western Cape)

Citrus fruit (oranges, lemons, naartjies, grapefruit)
Limpopo, North West, Mpumalanga, Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Kwa-Zulu Natal

Sup-Tropical fruit (pawpaws, babanas, pineapples)
Limpopo, Eastern Cape, Kwa-Zulu Natal

Question 10

What are Stock farmers ?

Answer 10

Keep animals (like sheep, goats, cows and pigs)

Question 11

What are Poultry farmers?

Answer 11

Stock farmers who keep chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese

Question 12

What is a “factory farm”?

Answer 12

A farm where animals are kept under strict conditions so that the farm produces as much food as possible

Question 13

Unprocessed foods

Answer 13

Food from plants or animals that are not changed in any way

Question 14

Why do people process foods?

Answer 14

To stop it form going bad (if you do not have a fridge)
to make it tastier (add salt or honey)
to make it safer to eat (braai or cook the meat)
ALSO to make it look better
to make it easier to prepare
to add vitamins and minerals

Question 15

Where are food processed?

Answer 15

In factories and in our kitchens

Question 16

How do we process food in our kitchens?

Answer 16

Cooking, 
freezing, 
drying, 
canning, 
squeezing, 
mixing, 
cutting, 
salting, 
adding to it

Question 17

Bread is made from

Answer 17

Flour,
Water,
Salt,
Yeast

Question 18

Name two different types of farming:

Answer 18

Crop and Stock farming (growing crops and keeping animals)

Question 19

Crops are?

Answer 19

Vegetables, fruit and wheat

Question 20

Stock is?

Answer 20

Cattle (beef and dairy), sheep and goats, poultry

Question 21

Name 3 different ways of farming:

Answer 21

Subsistence farming
Commercial farming
Urban Farming (Growing food in towns and cities)

Question 22

What is commercial farming?

Answer 22

Farmers who produce enough food to sell to factories, shops and markets

Question 23

What does it mean to “specialise”?

Answer 23

To concentrate on doing one thing.

A farmer who focuses on growing only one type of crop or keeping one type of animal

Question 24

Why do people grow food in towns and cities?

Answer 24

The farms cannot produce enough food for all the people in the towns and cities

Question 25

Where do people grow crops in towns and cities?

Answer 25

In backyards, on rooftops, in old car tyres, in used tin cans, in school grounds, hospital grounds and prison grounds

Question 26

Who tamed sheep and goats and kept them in herds? Why was this important?

Answer 26

Shepherds.
Herds gave milk and meat so there was no need to hunt. This meant that people no longer needed to move around as much so could stay in one place.

Question 27

What did the shepherds do about vegetables and plants? Why could they do this now?

Answer 27

They planted wheat and crops from seeds of wild grasses. They could this because they now lived in one place.

Question 28

What are the different types of farming? Describe them.

Answer 28

Subsistence - grow enough food to feed family, do not use modern equipment or fertilizers, family does all the work., grow different types of food needed by family.

Commercial - grow food or cash crops, very large farms which grow enough food to sell to others. Employ lots of people, use modern technology and fertilizers.

Urban farming - similar to subsistence farming but now farm is in cities or towns not rural places.

Question 29

What is the main differences between subsistence and commercial farms?

Answer 29

Use of modern technology and fertilizers
Type and number of people who work on the farm
Number of people fed by the farms produce

Question 30

What is the difference between subsistence and urban farming?

Answer 30

Urban is in cities and towns and adds to family food bundles

Subsistence is in rural areas and produces entire family’s food bundle

Question 31

Where are milk and meat from?

Answer 31

Animals

Question 32

Where are bread, apple juice and broccoli from?

Answer 32

Plants

Question 33

Where is sugar grown in South Africa?

Answer 33

Kwa-Zulu Natal and Mpumalanga

Question 34

Where is citrus fruit grown in South Africa?

Answer 34

KZN, western cape, eastern cape, mpumalanga and north west and Limpopo

Question 35

Where is rooibos tea grown in South Africa?

Answer 35

Western cape

Question 36

How did Hunter-gatherers find food?

Answer 36

They moved from place to place to look for food killing wild animals and eating wild plants.

Question 37

What is stock farming?

Answer 37

Animals are kept for products they can make or be used for.

Question 38

What are fertilized and unfertilized chicken eggs used for?

Answer 38

Fertilized eggs hatch into chickens.Unfertilized eggs are sold to be eaten.

Question 39

When is food considered to be unprocessed?

Answer 39

Food from plants or animals that is not changed in any way.

Question 40

When is food considered to be processed?

Answer 40

When food has changed in some way and then often packaged.

Question 41

Who usually does the farming on subsistence farms?

Answer 41

Women and children (fathers work in the towns and cities).

Question 42

What implements do subsistence farmers use to work the land?

Answer 42

Spades, forks, and hoes. They carry water in buckets when it doesn’t rain.

Question 43

Does a commercial farmer grow many different crops?

Answer 43

No, they specialize in one crop as it is most productive to farm one crop in large quantities.

Question 44

What is processed food?

Answer 44

Food that has been changed in some way before you eat it (like cooking it, adding salt to it, etc).

Question 45

Why are foods processed?

Answer 45

To stop it from going bad,
To make it tastier to eat,
To make it safer to eat,
To make it look better,
To make it easier to prepare,
To add vitamins and minerals.

Question 46

What does it mean to boil, fry, grill, bake?

Answer 46

Boil: Place food in boiling water
Fry: Place food in frying pan with a bit of oil
Grill: Place in oven with only high heat from above
Bake: Place in an oven at a uniform temperature all around.

Question 47

How is bread made - from seed to bread?

Answer 47

Fields are plowed
Wheat is sown
Wheat grows
Wheat is cut an harvested
Grain is taken to be cleaned, rolled and sieved into flour
Flour is sold to the bakery
Flour is made into dough (with what ingredients?)
Dough is mixed and placed into bread tins.
Dough is baked
Bread is packed for the shops

Question 48

Are commercial farms big or small?

Answer 48

Big

Question 49

Do commercial farms sell what they produce?

Answer 49

Yes