water

Question 1

all water that humans can consume is called

Answer 1

potable

Question 2

what percent of the worlds water is salt water

Answer 2

97%

Question 3

in the 3% of freshwater, where does it come from and what is its percentage?

Answer 3

77% ice, 22% groundwater, 1% from lakes and rivers

Question 4

what percentage of the worlds freshwater is located in canada

Answer 4

9%

Question 5

water quality describes

Answer 5

how pure the water is

Question 6

what are the 5 factors that affect water quality

Answer 6

salinity, dissolved minerals, organisms, acidity, cloudiness(turbidity)

Question 7

salinity describes

Answer 7

the amount of dissolved salts in the water

Question 8

what 2 minerals make up hard water

Answer 8

calcium, magnesium

Question 9

what are the other 3 factors that affect water quality

Answer 9

climate, population, land formation

Question 10

what happens in reverse osmosis

Answer 10

water is forced through a filter

Question 11

what happens in distillation

Answer 11

heating dirty water to catch the clean water vapors

Question 12

what is the higher point of a wave called

Answer 12

crest

Question 13

what is the lower point of a wave called

Answer 13

trough

Question 14

what is the distance from crest - crest (trough - trough) called

Answer 14

wavelength

Question 15

what are the 4 properties of waves

Answer 15

1) waves do not push objects through water. 2) waves are a form of energy. 3) waves produce an up and down motion. 4) their bottoms drag which breaks the top.

Question 16

as deep water waves approach shallow water their bottoms drag on the ocean floor causing the _________ to increase and the _________ to decrease.

Answer 16

Wave height, wave length

Question 17

what is an effect of waves on shorelines

Answer 17

force of the waves crashing against the shoreline can cause changes to the shape of the shoreline

Question 18

what are tides

Answer 18

the water level along the coast of continents

Question 19

what causes tides

Answer 19

the gravitational pull of the moon

Question 20

tides occur approximately every __ hours

Answer 20

6

Question 21

what is a tsunami

Answer 21

big wave caused by an earthquake

Question 22

what are the other causes for tsunamis

Answer 22

rock slides, or volcanos.

Question 23

what are the 4 ways rivers differentiate

Answer 23

speed, temp, flow rate, source

Question 24

what is weathering

Answer 24

the breaking down of minerals

Question 25

what is erosion

Answer 25

carrying the broken minerals

Question 26

what is deposition

Answer 26

placing down sediments in a stream

Question 27

as the river reaches lower elevations it begins to slow, causing curves to form, (________)

Answer 27

meanders

Question 28

the sediments it has picked up is deposited in a fan- shaped deposit called a _____

Answer 28

Delta

Question 29

what is a watershed

Answer 29

the area of land that drains into a body of water

Question 30

the location of the highest land on the continent determines the direction that a watershed drains. this high land is called ____________

Answer 30

continental divide, in north America its the rocky mountains

Question 31

what is an ocean basin

Answer 31

a deep and wide depression in the earths surface that contain the oceans

Question 32

what are glaciers

Answer 32

large moving bodies of ice

Question 33

forms from rocks and gravel that build up along the sides and ends of glaciers (whats left behind when a glacier melts)

Answer 33

Morraines

Question 34

form when tunnels below the glacier collect sand and gravel and deposit materials as they melt (glacial turd)

Answer 34

eskers

Question 35

are small hills with a TEARDROP shape formed when the glacier retreats

Answer 35

drumlins

Question 36

small lakes formed when chunks of ice left behind melt

Answer 36

kettle lakes

Question 37

big rocks left behind by glaciers

Answer 37

glacial erratic

Question 38

what is an estuary

Answer 38

where river water mixes with ocean water

Question 39

what is it called when river and ocean water mix

Answer 39

brackish water

Question 40

an inter tidal zone is

Answer 40

land that is underwater at high tide and out of water at low tide

Question 41

a continental shelf is

Answer 41

shelf of land that extends out from the edge of a continent below the water

Question 42

diversity refers to

Answer 42

the variety of species in an ecosystem

Question 43

what is lower zone

Answer 43

deep water

Question 44

what is middle zone

Answer 44

oceans/ open water

Question 45

what is higher zones

Answer 45

shores

Question 46

an adaptation is

Answer 46

physical characteristic or behavior that increases the species chance at survival

Question 47

what are the 5 factors that led to developments of aquatic adaptation

Answer 47

temp, light, movement, salinity, pressure

Question 48

what is a population

Answer 48

a group of organisms that interact often

Question 49

what are the 3 types of changes

Answer 49

seasonal, short term, long term

Question 50

seasonal changes

Answer 50

a change in population due to a change in temp

Question 51

short term changes

Answer 51

changes that last a short time

Question 52

long term changes

Answer 52

changes that affect the population in the area permanently

Question 53

what are examples of short term changes

Answer 53

floods, hurricanes, oil spill

Question 54

what are examples of long term changes

Answer 54

human activity, dam building, introduction of new species

Question 55

what causes acid rain

Answer 55

pollution from factories

Question 56

how does acid rain kill a whole lake

Answer 56

water is to acidic to support most life

Question 57

what are algal blooms

Answer 57

rapid growth in algae due to an increase in fertilizer from farmers feilds