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Chemistry > Water > Flashcards

Water Flashcards

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1
Q

Latent heat of fusion is…

A

the amount fo energy required to convert one mole of a substance from a solid to a liquid at its melting point

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2
Q

Latent heat of vaporisation is…

A

the amount of energy required to convert one mole of a substance from a liquid to a gas at its boiling point

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3
Q

Density is…

A
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4
Q

Specific heat capacity is…

A

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of substance by 1ºC

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5
Q

Density is…

A

a measure of the mass of a substance per unit volume (eg. g/L)

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6
Q

A solution is…

A

an evenly distributed mixture of atoms, molecules or ions including a liquid solvent and one or more solutes

the mixture of dissolved solute and solvent

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7
Q

A solute is…

A

a substance which is dissolved in a solvent

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8
Q

A solvent is…

A

the primary component of a solution, in which one or more solutes are dissolved

the liquid in which the solute is dissolved

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9
Q

Solubility is…

A

the degree to which a given solute will dissolve in a given solvent (g/100g solvent)

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10
Q

Dissolution is…

A

the process of dissolving

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11
Q

Miscible means that…

A

two liquids mix together readily

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12
Q

Immiscible means that…

A

two liquids do not mix together readily

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13
Q

Salvation is…

A

the process of water molecules surrounding a solvent molecule or ion and bonding with it

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14
Q

Ionisation is…

A

a reaction between a molecule and water, resulting in the formation of two dissolved ions

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15
Q

A suspension is…

A

where a solid substance is dispersed in a solvent, but is not dissolved
solid particles are discernible from the solvent particles

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16
Q

A colloid is…

A

a stable solution

17
Q

Dissociation is…

A

the process of an ionic compound dissolving

18
Q

An ion-dipole force is…

A

an attractive force between an ion and the oppositely-charged pole of a polar molecule, eg. a water molecule

19
Q

A precipitate is…

A

a solid formed when two dissolved ionic compounds react to form an insoluble ionic compound

20
Q

A spectator ion is…

A

an ion present in a solution when a reaction occurs, but that does not participate in the reaction

21
Q

Ionic equations are…

A

chemical equations in which the spectator ions are omitted

22
Q

Molarity is…

A

the number of moles of solute per litre of solution

23
Q

Ppm means…

A

parts per million: the concentration of a dissolved solute with the effective units of mg/L or micrograms/g

24
Q

% w/w means…

A

% weight per weight: the concentration of dissolved solute with the effective units of g/100g

25
Q

% w/v means…

A

% weight per volume: the concentration of a dissolved solute with the effective units of g/100mL

26
Q

% v/v means…

A

% volume per volume: the concentration of a dissolved liquid solute, with the effective units of mL/100mL

27
Q

A solubility graph is…

A

a graphical depiction of how the solute concentration required to form a saturated solution changes across a range of temperatures

28
Q

A saturated solution is…

A

a solution in which the maximum amount of solute is dissolved at that temperature

29
Q

An unsaturated solution is…

A

a solution in which less than the maximum amount go a solute is dissolved at that temperature, and in which more solute could dissolve

30
Q

A supersaturated solution is…

A

a solution in which more than the maximum amount of solute is dissolved at that temperature. This is an unstable solution which can arise when a saturated solution cools, and is likely to result in crystallisation of some of the solute

31
Q

Crystallisation is where…

A

a dissolved solute forms a solid due to it being in a supersaturated solution. This often arises due to the cooling os a saturated solution; the slower the solution cools, the larger the crystals form

Chemistry (4 decks)

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