Waste Management I Flashcards
1
Q
Why is waste Management needed (4 paras)
A
- The problem with was is that it remains in our environment. We move it from one place to the other but never get rid of it.
- Nature has recycled waste for millions of years but the spike in population in the recent years has become a threat for nature
- It has caused the pollution of air, degradation of soil, contamination of water.
- Scientists believe that if we do not learn to use reduce waste we will not be able to survive hence waste management is crucial
2
Q
Name 7 vectors
A
Tse- Tse fly Sandfly Housefly Mosquito Dog Cat Rodents
3
Q
4 ways in which water is polluted
A
- Water is polluted by domestic waste from sewages which contain organic matter that cannot be decomposed or pathogenic agents
- Industrial and commercial waste is dumped into water including organic and complex synthetic chemicals
- Fertilizers and pesticides produce pollutants
- Radioactive substances produce pollutants
4
Q
5 greenhouse gases
A
- water vapour
- Methane
- Carbon dioxide
- Nitrogen oxide
- Chlorofluorocarbons
5
Q
name 2 diseases spread by each vector 1 Housefly 2 Tsetse fly 3 Mosquitos 4 Dogs 5 Sandfly 6 Rodents 7 Cats
A
- Typhoid Cholera
- Sleeping sickness
- Dengue Malaria
- Rabies, Hydrated disease
- Kala- azar, sandfly fever
- Salmonellosis, Plague
- Anthrax, Dermatophytosis
6
Q
2 waterborne diseases for each type of pathogen
- Bacterial
- Helminthic
- Viral
- Protozoan
A
- Typhoid Cholera
- Roundworm, Threadworm
- Diarrhoea Viral hepatitis
- Amoebiosis, Diarrhoea
7
Q
Dangers we might face in the future due to Global warming (5 pts)
A
- Increase in the average temperature of the world by 2-5 degrees celsius.
- Submergence of islands or encroachment of coastal areas due to melting of ice caps.
- Increase in the average temperature will lead to several catastrophic climatic changes
- Increase in temperature will lead to an increased rate of evaporation which will lead to a decrease in the water table level.
- Increase in temperature will lead to an increase in the breeding of pests leading to multiplication in pathogenic diseases.
8
Q
Location of the Ozone layer
A
In the stratosphere which lies between 20km - 50km from the Earth’s surface.
9
Q
Causes of Ozone layer depletion and Ozone hole (3 pts)
A
- When Oxides of Nitrogen come in contact with the Ozone layer, it leads to chemical reactions which destroy it
- Supersonic aeroplanes which travel through the stratosphere emit large amounts of nitrogen gas which depletes the Ozone layer.
- Emissions of Chloroflurorcarbons from aerosols, refrigerants, paints and plastic, which have a strong power to destroy the ozone layer.
10
Q
Harmful effects of UV rays(5 pts)
A
- Exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin may lead to diseases such as skin cancer or cataract
- May lead to genetic disorders or ultimately affect heredity
- Vegetables are sensitive to ultraviolet rays
- disturbs ecological balance of the marine ecosystem
- Plastic becomes brittle when exposed to ultraviolet rays
11
Q
Harmful effects of acid rain (6 pts)
A
- increases soil acidity which destroys forests and crops
- Corrodes monuments buildings bridges. ex pollutants from Mathura oil refinery have been turning white marble of Taj Mahal yellow
- May cause severe neurological disorders
- Poses a serious threat to human health as it contaminates water, air
- Aquatic species are affected due to acid rain.
- Affects plant growth, leaves them burnt and dry
12
Q
___________ is the foundation of a healthy biosphere
A
soil
13
Q
How is soil pollution caused
A
By the dry deposition of pollutants on the land surface or the deposition through acid rain
14
Q
Harmful effects of soil pollution (5 pts)
A
- Chemicals and minerals react with soil to create chemical pollutants which are absorbed by the plants which are ingested by animals
- may lead reduce the rate of mineralisation and deposition processes
- Transformation of sulphur and phosphorus by fixation in soil by acid rain
- Earthworms and Nematodes get destroyed by toxic chemicals
- Soil fertility and aeration is reduced
